Shloka 51
Duryodhana-śibira-praveśaḥ — The Pāṇḍavas Enter the Kaurava Camp; The Burning of Arjuna’s Chariot
Devanagari script
यदि क्षत्रबन्धूनां स्वधर्ममनुपश्यताम्
Transliteration
yadi kṣatrabandhūnāṃ svadharmam anupaśyatām
Translation
ದುರ್ಯೋಧನನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—“ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯರ ಬಂಧುಗಳಷ್ಟೇ ಆಗಿ, ಯೋಧಸ್ಥಾನವನ್ನು ದಾವೆ ಮಾಡುವವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಸ್ವಧರ್ಮವನ್ನು ನಿಜವಾಗಿ ದೃಷ್ಟಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಇಡದೆ ಇದ್ದರೆ…”
Word by Word
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
क्षत्रबन्धूनाम्of the kṣatriya-kinsmen / of those related to kṣatriyas
क्षत्रबन्धूनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रबन्धु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
स्वधर्मम्one's own duty
स्वधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुपश्यताम्of those observing/considering (closely)
अनुपश्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√पश्
FormPresent participle (active), Plural, Masculine, Genitive
Speaker
दुर्योधन उवाच
Characters & Entities
D
DuryodhanaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The line invokes svadharma—especially the kṣatriya code—suggesting that failing to keep one’s rightful duty in view makes one unfit for the warrior role, even if one bears the name or lineage.
In Shalya Parva, Duryodhana is speaking amid the climactic war context, using the language of kṣatriya duty to criticize or challenge those he deems unworthy or wavering in their warrior obligations.