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Shloka 6

Go-mahātmyam: Pavitrāṇāṃ Pavitraṃ

Cows and Ghee as Supreme Purifiers

जरारोगोपसम्पन्नां जीर्णा वापीमिवाजलाम्‌ | दत्त्वा तम: प्रविशति द्विजं क्लेशेन योजयेत्‌

jarārogopasampannāṁ jīrṇā vāpīm ivājalām | dattvā tamaḥ praviśati dvijaṁ kleśena yojayet ||

ಭೀಷ್ಮನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ವೃದ್ಧಾಪ್ಯ ಮತ್ತು ರೋಗಗಳಿಂದ ಪೀಡಿತಳಾಗಿ, ನೀರಿಲ್ಲದ ಜೀರ್ಣ ಬಾವಿಯಂತೆ ನಿಷ್ಪ್ರಯೋಜಕಳಾದ ಹಸುವನ್ನು ದಾನ ಮಾಡಿದವನು ಘೋರ ಅಂಧಕಾರಮಯ ನರಕಕ್ಕೆ ಬೀಳುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಅಂಥ ದಾನವು ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣ ಗ್ರಹೀತನಿಗೆ ಕೇವಲ ವ್ಯರ್ಥ ಕಷ್ಟವನ್ನೇ ಉಂಟುಮಾಡುತ್ತದೆ. ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ದಾನವು ಯೋಗ್ಯವೂ ಹಿತಕರವೂ ಆಗಿರಬೇಕು; ಉಪಯೋಗವಿಲ್ಲದ, ಪೀಡಾದಾಯಕ ವಸ್ತುವಿನ ದಾನ ಪುಣ್ಯವಲ್ಲ—ಪಾಪಕಾರಣ.

जरारोगोपसम्पन्नाम्endowed with old age and disease
जरारोगोपसम्पन्नाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजरारोगोपसम्पन्ना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
जीर्णाम्worn-out, decrepit
जीर्णाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजीर्ण
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपीम्a well/step-well
अपीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अजलाम्waterless
अजलाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअजला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
तमःdarkness (hell named Tamas)
तमः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रविशतिenters
प्रविशति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्विजम्a brahmin (twice-born)
द्विजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्लेशेनwith hardship; by trouble
क्लेशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्लेश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
योजयेत्should yoke/subject (someone) to
योजयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
dvija (brāhmaṇa)
C
cow (implied by context of go-dāna)
T
tamaḥ (dark realm/hellish darkness)
V
vāpī (well/stepwell)

Educational Q&A

Charity must be appropriate and beneficial. Donating something useless—like a cow ruined by age and disease—does not create merit; it harms the recipient and leads the giver toward demerit and a ‘dark’ fate.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dāna-dharma, he warns that giving a decrepit, diseased cow is ethically wrong because it imposes hardship on the brāhmaṇa recipient; such a ‘gift’ is condemned and said to lead to darkness/hell.