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Shloka 263

गोप्रदानगुणाः तथा कपिलागोविधानम्

Merits of Cow-Gift and the Origin-Account of Kapilā Cows

महत्‌ फल प्राप्यते स द्विजाय दत्त्वा दोग्ध्रीं विधिनानेन धेनुम्‌ । जो पुरुष सदा सावधान रहकर इस उपर्युक्त धर्मका पालन करता है तथा जो सत्यवादी

pitāmaha uvāca | mahat phalaṁ prāpyate sa dvijāya dattvā dogdhrīṁ vidhinānena dhenum | yo puruṣaḥ sadā sāvadhānaḥ san uparyukta-dharmasya pālanaṁ karoti tathā yaḥ satyavādī guru-sevā-parāyaṇaḥ dakṣaḥ kṣamāśīlaḥ deva-bhaktaḥ śānta-cittaḥ pavitraḥ jñānavān dharmātmā ca ahaṅkāra-śūnyaḥ sa pūrvokta-vidhinā brāhmaṇāya kṣīra-dāyinīṁ gāṁ dadāti cet tasya mahān phala-prāptiḥ bhavati ||

ಭೀಷ್ಮನು ಹೇಳಿದರು—ಈ ವಿಧಿಯಂತೆ ಹಾಲು ಕೊಡುವ ಧೇನುವನ್ನು ಒಬ್ಬ ದ್ವಿಜನಿಗೆ (ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣನಿಗೆ) ದಾನ ಮಾಡಿದರೆ ಮಹತ್ ಫಲ ದೊರೆಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಯಾರು ಸದಾ ಎಚ್ಚರದಿಂದ ಈ ಧರ್ಮವನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸುತ್ತಾರೋ—ಸತ್ಯವಂತ, ಗುರುಸೇವಾಪರ, ನಿಪುಣ, ಕ್ಷಮಾಶೀಲ, ದೇವಭಕ್ತ, ಶಾಂತಚಿತ್ತ, ಶುದ್ಧ, ಜ್ಞಾನವಂತ, ಧರ್ಮಾತ್ಮ ಮತ್ತು ನಿರಹಂಕಾರಿ—ಅವರು ಹೇಳಿದ ವಿಧಾನದಂತೆ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣನಿಗೆ ಹಾಲು ಕೊಡುವ ಹಸುವನ್ನು ದಾನ ಮಾಡಿದರೆ, ಮಹಾನ್ ಪುಣ್ಯಫಲವನ್ನು ಪಡೆಯುತ್ತಾರೆ.

महत्great
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
फलम्fruit, result
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यतेis obtained
प्राप्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+आप्
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजायto a twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active
दोग्ध्रीम्a milch-cow (milk-giving one)
दोग्ध्रीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदोग्ध्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
विधिनाby the prescribed rule
विधिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अनेनby this
अनेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
धेनुम्cow
धेनुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

पितामह उवाच

P
Pitāmaha (Bhishma)
B
Brāhmaṇa (Brahmin)
D
Dhenū/Gauḥ (milch-cow)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that charitable giving (dāna), when performed according to proper rite and with inner virtues—truthfulness, humility, self-control, devotion, purity, knowledge, and service to one’s teacher—yields great spiritual merit; the specific exemplar is gifting a milch-cow to a Brahmin.

Bhishma (the Grandsire) continues his instruction on dharma in the Anushasana Parva, describing the conditions and character of a donor and stating that donating a milk-giving cow to a Brahmin by the prescribed procedure brings great reward.