Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 58
Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)
Devanagari script
ज्येष्ठस्य भागो ज्येष्ठ: स्थादेकांशो यः प्रधानत: । एष दायविदधि: पार्थ पूर्वमुक्त: स्वयम्भुवा
Translation
ಕುಂತೀನಂದನನೇ! ಜ್ಯೇಷ್ಠ ಪುತ್ರನ ಪಾಲೂ ಜ್ಯೇಷ್ಠ ಪಾಲಾಗಿಯೇ ಎಣೆಯಲ್ಪಡುತ್ತದೆ; ಪ್ರಧಾನವಾಗಿ ಅವನಿಗೆ ಒಂದು ಅಂಶ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿ ದೊರೆಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಪಿತೃಧನ ವಿಭಾಗದ ಈ ವಿಧಿಯನ್ನು ಪೂರ್ವಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಸ್ವಯಂಭೂ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮನು ಉಪದೇಶಿಸಿದ್ದನು.
Word by Word
ज्येष्ठस्यof the eldest
ज्येष्ठस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भागःshare/portion
भागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्येष्ठःthe eldest (one)
ज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be/is to be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एकांशःone extra share/one part
एकांशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएकांश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho/which
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रधानतःchiefly/primarily
प्रधानतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रधानतस्
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दायविधिःrule of inheritance/partition
दायविधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदायविधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थO Partha
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पूर्वम्formerly/earlier
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
उक्तःsaid/declared
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
स्वयम्भुवाby Svayambhu (Brahma)
स्वयम्भुवा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वयम्भू
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कुन्तीनन्दनO son of Kunti
कुन्तीनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes