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Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 34

Naraka-varṇana: The Hellish Planets and the Karmic Logic of Punishment

ये त्विह वा अन्धावटकुसूलगुहादिषु भूतानि निरुन्धन्ति तथामुत्र तेष्वेवोपवेश्य सगरेण वह्निना धूमेन निरुन्धन्ति ॥ ३४ ॥

ye tv iha vā andhāvaṭa-kusūla-guhādiṣu bhūtāni nirundhanti tathāmutra teṣv evopaveśya sagareṇa vahninā dhūmena nirundhanti.

ಈ ಜನ್ಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಯಾರು ಇತರ ಜೀವಿಗಳನ್ನು ಕತ್ತಲ ಬಾವಿಗಳು, ಉಗ್ರಾಣಗಳು ಅಥವಾ ಪರ್ವತದ ಗುಹೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಬಂಧಿಸುತ್ತಾರೋ, ಅವರನ್ನು ಮರಣದ ನಂತರ 'ಅವಟ-ನಿರೋಧನ' ಎಂಬ ನರಕಕ್ಕೆ ಹಾಕಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಅಲ್ಲಿ ಅವರನ್ನು ಕತ್ತಲ ಬಾವಿಗಳಿಗೆ ತಳ್ಳಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ, ಅಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಷಕಾರಿ ಹೊಗೆ ಮತ್ತು ಆವಿ ಅವರನ್ನು ಉಸಿರುಗಟ್ಟಿಸುತ್ತದೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅವರು ತೀವ್ರವಾಗಿ ನರಳುತ್ತಾರೆ.

yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक सर्वनाम
tubut
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (but)
ihahere
iha:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (here)
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक (or)
andhāvaṭa-kusūla-guhā-ādiṣuin blind wells, granaries, caves, etc.
andhāvaṭa-kusūla-guhā-ādiṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootandhāvaṭa + kusūla + guhā + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः + आदि (in blind wells, granaries, caves, etc.)
bhūtāniliving beings
bhūtāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
nirundhantithey confine/shut in
nirundhanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni + rudh (धातु)
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
tathāthus
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक अव्यय (thus/so)
amutrathere (hereafter)
amutra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootamutra (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (there/in the next world)
teṣuin those (places)
teṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक (only/indeed)
upaveśyahaving placed (them)
upaveśya:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootupa + viś (धातु)
Formणिच्-प्रयोग; क्त्वान्त, अव्यय; ‘having made (them) sit/placed’
sagareṇawith dense (smoke)
sagareṇa:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsagara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘with smoke/steam? (here: dense mass)’
vahnināwith fire
vahninā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvahni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
dhūmenawith smoke
dhūmena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdhūma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
nirundhantithey confine/suffocate
nirundhanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni + rudh (धातु)
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

FAQs

This verse states that those who trap beings in enclosed places like pits, granaries, or caves are punished after death by being confined in similar enclosures and choked by smoke and fire—mirroring the harm they caused.

In Canto 5, Chapter 26, Śukadeva explains the results of sinful actions to instruct Parīkṣit on dharma and karma, strengthening detachment from cruelty and encouraging a life oriented toward devotion and righteousness.

Avoid cruelty that restricts others’ breath, freedom, or safety—whether toward humans or animals—and cultivate compassion and protection; the Bhagavatam emphasizes that karmic reactions often reflect the very suffering one imposes.