Mantra 1

Sukta 25

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

विष्णुः। ययोरोजसा स्कभिता रजांसि यौ वीर्यौऽर्वीरतमा शविष्ठा । यौ पत्येते अप्रतीतौ सहोभिर्विष्णुमगन् वरुणं पूर्वहूतिः

IAST Transliteration

víṣṇuḥ | yayór ójasā skabhitā́ rájāṃsi yáu vīryàu ’rvī́ratamā́ śáviṣṭhā | yáu pátyete ápratītau sáhobhir víṣṇum agan váruṇaṃ pū́rvahūtiḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Viṣṇu: by whose twain might the regions are made fast—those two heroic powers, most manly, most puissant; who, unresisted, rule with their strengths—unto Viṣṇu and Varuṇa hath the ancient invocation gone forth.

Translation

ವಿಷ್ಣು: ಯಾರ ದ್ವಯ ಬಲದಿಂದ ಪ್ರದೇಶಗಳು ಸ್ಥಿರಗೊಂಡಿವೆ—ಆ ಎರಡು ವೀರಶಕ್ತಿಗಳು, ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪುರುಷಾರ್ಥಿ, ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಬಲ; ಯಾರು ಅಪ್ರತಿಹತವಾಗಿ ತಮ್ಮ ಸಹೋಬಲಗಳಿಂದ ಆಳುತ್ತಾರೆ—ವಿಷ್ಣು ಮತ್ತು ವರುಣನ ಬಳಿಗೆ ಪುರಾತನ ಆಹ್ವಾನ (ಪೂರ್ವಹೂತಿ) ಹೊರಟಿದೆ.

Word by Word

• विष्णुः: Viṣṇu
• विष्णुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)

• ययोः: of whom (of the two)
• ययोः: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ओजसा: by (their) might/strength
• ओजसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्कभितानि: propped up, supported
• स्कभितानि: Karma (as described object)
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: स्कभ् (धातु) → स्कभित (कृदन्त)

• रजांसि: the regions/spaces (worlds)
• रजांसि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यौ: who (the two)
• यौ: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वीर्यौ: (two) powers/heroic strengths
• वीर्यौ: Kartā (appositional)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्वीरतमौ: most unassailable/most not-to-be-overcome
• अर्वीरतमौ: Viśeṣaṇa (of यौ/वीर्यौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अर्वीरतम (प्रातिपदिक; अतिशय-तमत्)

• शविष्ठौ: strongest, most mighty
• शविष्ठौ: Viśeṣaṇa (of यौ/वीर्यौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शविष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; अतिशय-इष्ठ)

• यौ: who (the two)
• यौ: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पत्येते: they two rule/are lords
• पत्येते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत् (धातु) / पत्य् (वेदिक-प्रयोग) → पत्येते

• अप्रतीतौ: unopposed, unmatched
• अप्रतीतौ: Viśeṣaṇa (of यौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-प्रतीत (कृदन्त/विशेषण; प्रति-इ/प्रति-इति ‘to be matched/approached’)

• सहोभिः: with powers/forces
• सहोभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विष्णुम्: Viṣṇu (as object of going/approaching)
• विष्णुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अगन्: they went/approached
• अगन्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

• वरुणम्: Varuṇa
• वरुणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• पूर्वहूतिः: the earlier invocation/one invoked before
• पूर्वहूतिः: Kartā (of अगन्, as subject ‘the earlier-invocation’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्व-हूति (समास; हूति < √हू ‘to call/invoke’)

Attribution

Rishi: Traditionally connected with Vaiṣṇava/Ṛgvedic material; Atharvanic redaction preserves it for protective use (specific r̥ṣi attribution varies by anukramaṇī tradition).

Devata: Viṣṇu (with Varuṇa in associative dual sovereignty)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence (borrowed/parallel to Ṛgvedic diction; metrical exactness depends on recension reading)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From awe at stabilizing power → settled security under lawful rule.","listener_experience":"Grounded, protected, less reactive; sense of firm boundaries.","intensity":6}