Rig Veda 9.74.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 74, Mantra 2

Sukta 9.74

Rishi: Unknown/uncertain in provided input

Devata: Soma Pavamāna as cosmic support and harmonizer (skambha/dharuṇa imagery)

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

दिवो यः स्कम्भो धरुणः स्वातत आपूर्णो अंशुः पर्येति विश्वतः । सेमे मही रोदसी यक्षदावृता समीचीने दाधार समिषः कविः ॥

Transliteration

divó yáḥ skambhó dharuṇáḥ svā́tata āpū́rṇo aṃśúḥ páry eti viśvátāḥ | séme mahī́ ródasī yakṣad āvṛ́tā samīcīné dādhāra sám iṣáḥ kavíḥ ||

Translation

He who is the prop and support of heaven, stretched out in his own wideness—this full ray moves all around. He has embraced these two great worlds, and has upheld them facing each other; the seer gathers the powers of delight into harmony.

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Word by Word

• दिवः: of heaven / of the sky
• दिवः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव् (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्/द्यौ ‘स्वर्ग/दिव्’)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्तृ (relative subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• स्कम्भः: pillar, prop, support
• स्कम्भः: कर्तृ/विशेष्य (subject; apposition to यः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्कम्भ (प्रातिपदिक; from √स्कम्भ् ‘to prop/support’)

• धरुणः: supporter, holder
• धरुणः: कर्तृ/विशेषण (appositional epithet)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: धरुण (प्रातिपदिक; from √धृ ‘to hold’)

• स्वाततः: self-extended, spread by itself
• स्वाततः: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वातत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; from √तन् ‘to stretch’ with स्व- ‘self’)

• आपूर्णः: filled, full
• आपूर्णः: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ-√पॄ/पॢ (कृदन्त: पूर्ण ‘filled’)

• अंशुः: the Soma-stalk/beam; Soma (as a ray/stalk)
• अंशुः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंशु (प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around
• परि: क्रियाविशेषण (preverb to verb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• एति: goes, moves
• एति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (गमन)

• विश्वतः: on all sides, everywhere
• विश्वतः: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विश्वतस् (अव्यय; from विश्व ‘all’ + -तस्)

• सः: he / that one (Soma)
• सः: कर्तृ (resumptive subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इमे: these two
• इमे: कर्म/आश्रय (object of दाधार)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मही: great
• मही: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक; ‘great’)

• रोदसी: the two worlds: Heaven and Earth
• रोदसी: कर्म (that which is upheld)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी (प्रातिपदिक; dual tantum)

• यक्षदावृता: enclosed/covered with sacred power (ritual potency)
• यक्षदावृता: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (compound epithet)
• Root: यक्षद्-आवृत (समास; yákṣad ‘worship/holy power’ + ā-√वृ ‘to cover/enclose’ → आवृत ‘enclosed’)

• समीचीने: facing each other, mutually turned
• समीचीने: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समीचीन (प्रातिपदिक; from सम् + अञ्च् ‘to go/turn’)

• दाधार: has upheld, has supported
• दाधार: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धृ (धारण)

• समिषः: impulse, ardour; (ritual) offering/food
• समिषः: विशेषण/सम्बोधन-भाव (appositional epithet of कविः/सः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समिष् (प्रातिपदिक; from सम् + √इष्/इष् ‘to impel/seek’; ‘impulse/ardour/food-offering’)

• कविः: seer, poet, wise one
• कविः: कर्तृ (apposition to सः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि (प्रातिपदिक)