Rig Veda 6.4.5 — Mandala 6, Sukta 4, Mantra 5
Sukta 6.4
Rishi: Bharadvāja (Bārhaspatya)
Devata: Agni (swift, mastering nights; remover of arāti)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नितिक्ति यो वारणमन्नमत्ति वायुर्न राष्ट्र्यत्येत्यक्तून् । तुर्याम यस्त आदिशामरातीरत्यो न ह्रुतः पततः परिह्रुत् ॥
Transliteration
ní-tikti yó vāraṇám ánnám átti vāyúr na rā́ṣṭry áty ety aktū́n | tuyā́rma yás ta ādiśā́m arā́tīr átyo na hrutáḥ pátataḥ pari-hrút ||
Translation
He who keenly consumes the chosen food, and like the wind overpasses the nights in his mastery; the swift one who, by thy direction, circles round the hostilities—like a horse not caught, flying past all that would seize.
Word by Word
निति॑क्ति(the) sharpening / whetting (power)
निति॑क्ति:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (f.)
Rootनि-तिज्/तिक्ष् (√तिज्/√तिक्ष् ‘to sharpen, whet’; kṛdanta base) अथवा प्रातिपदिक ‘निति॑क्ति-’ (RV-विशेष)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वाor
वा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अरणम्harmlessness / non-injury (as object)
अरणम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअरण (प्रातिपदिक)
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
अत्तिeats
अत्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√अद् (अद् ‘to eat’)
वाor
वा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
वायुःWind (Vāyu)
वायुः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootवायु (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
राष्ट्रिdominion / realm (as object)
राष्ट्रि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्रि (प्रातिपदिक; RV-विशेष)
अत्येतिpasses beyond, overcomes
अत्येति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअति-√इ (√इ ‘to go’ with preverb अति)
अक्तून्nights / dark times
अक्तून्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअक्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
तुर्यामthe fourth (state/step)
तुर्याम:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootतुर्य (प्रातिपदिक ‘fourth’; RV-विशेष प्रयोग)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
तyou (as object) / that
त:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आदिशाम्of the directions / of the assignments
आदिशाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun (f.)
Rootआ-√दिश् (√दिश् ‘to point out, assign’) → ‘आदिशा’ (kṛdanta/nominal base)
अरातीःhostilities / foes
अरातीः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअराति (प्रातिपदिक)
अत्यःa steed
अत्यः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअत्य (प्रातिपदिक ‘steed’)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
ह्रुतःchecked / turned aside
ह्रुतः:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple
Root√ह्रु/√ह्र (RV; ‘to be startled/checked/deflected’) → क्त-प्रत्यय
पततःof (one) flying
पततः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeParticiple
Root√पत् (पत् ‘to fly, fall’) → शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
परिह्रुत्deflected all around / swerving away
परिह्रुत्:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootपरि-√ह्रु/√ह्र (RV) → क्त/क्विप्-प्राय रूप ‘परिह्रुत्’ (प्रातिपदिक-वत्)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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