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Rig Veda 4.42.8: Mandala 4, Sukta 42, Mantra 8

Sukta 4.42

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for Mandala 4); verse speaks with ancestral/seer-lineage voice
Devata: Indra–Varuṇa complex in the hymn; this verse foregrounds Indra-like action (vṛtra-turá) in the making of Trasadasyu
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 4.42; confirmation requires full metrical scan)

अस्माकमत्र पितरस्त आसन्त्सप्त ऋषयो दौर्गहे बध्यमाने । त आयजन्त त्रसदस्युमस्या इन्द्रं न वृत्रतुरमर्धदेवम् ॥

asmākám átra pitáras tá āsan sapta ṛ́ṣayo dauḥ-gahé badhyámāne | ta ā́yajanta trasádasyum asyā́ índraṃ ná vṛtra-túram ardha-devám ||

Here, in our own field of being, thy Fathers were established—seven seers—when the hard-to-grasp (light/wealth) was being bound. Then they offered and formed Trasadasyu of this lineage, like Indra, the smiter of the Coverer, a power half-divine (still becoming fully luminous).

अस्माकम्of us / our
अस्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
अधिकारण (स्थान/प्रसङ्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
पितरःthe fathers / ancestors
पितरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
तेthose (they)
ते:
कर्तृ (पितरः इत्यस्य पुनरुक्त-सूचक)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आसन्were
आसन्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
सप्तseven
सप्त:
विशेषण (ऋषयः इत्यस्य)
TypeNumeral
Rootसप्तन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
ऋषयःseers
ऋषयः:
कर्तृ (आसन् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
दुर्गहेin a hard-to-escape/ hard-to-grasp (situation/place)
दुर्गहे:
अधिकारण
TypeAdjective (used substantively/locatively)
Rootदुर्गह (प्रातिपदिक; दुḥ+गह ‘hard to seize/hold’)
बध्यमानेwhen/while being bound
बध्यमाने:
अधिकारण (सप्तमी-सम्बन्धः)
TypeParticiple
Rootबन्ध् (धातु) + य (यक्) + मान (शानच्) → बध्यमान
तेthey
ते:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आयजन्तworshipped / performed sacrifice
आयजन्त:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootयज् (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग)
त्रसदस्युम्Trasadasyu (a king/hero)
त्रसदस्युम्:
कर्म (आयजन्त इत्यस्य)
TypeProper Noun
Rootत्रसदस्यु (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
अस्याःof this (woman/this one)
अस्याः:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म (आयजन्त इत्यस्य; देवतारूपेण)
TypeNoun (deity)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
like
:
सम्बन्ध (उपमान-चिह्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
वृत्रतुरम्Vṛtra-slaying / Vṛtra-conquering
वृत्रतुरम्:
कर्म (विशेषणत्वेन)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्रतुर (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र-तुर ‘Vṛtra-conquering’)
अर्धदेवम्half-divine
अर्धदेवम्:
कर्म (विशेषणत्वेन)
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्धदेव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘half-divine’)

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