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Rig Veda 3.56.8: Mandala 3, Sukta 56, Mantra 8

Sukta 3.56

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Savitṛ / the divine triad of sovereign powers (interpretable as Ādityas in a triadic form)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify metrically)

त्रिरुत्तमा दूणशा रोचनानि त्रयो राजन्त्यसुरस्य वीराः । ऋतावान इषिरा दूळभासस्त्रिरा दिवो विदथे सन्तु देवाः ॥

trír uttamā́ dūṇáśā rocanā́ni tráyo rājanty ásurasya vīrā́ḥ | ṛtā́vān iṣirā́ dūḷábhāsas trír ā́ divó vidáthē santu devā́ḥ ||

Thrice are the highest luminous realms, hard to assail; three are the heroes of the Asura who reign there. Possessed of the Right, impetuous and difficult to overcome—may these gods come thrice from heaven into the session of our offering.

त्रिःthrice
त्रिः:
Adhikaraṇa (आवृत्त्यर्थ-क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) → त्रिः (अव्यय)
उत्तमाhighest
उत्तमा:
Kartā (विशेष्य-सम्बन्धः; ‘रोचनानि’ इत्यस्य विशेषण-भावः)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक; उच्/उद् + तमप्)
दूणशाin wondrous/strange wise
दूणशा:
Adhikaraṇa (प्रकार-क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदूणशा (अव्यय; ‘दूण’/‘दूणस्’ इत्यस्य अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगः, RV-विशेष)
रोचनानिluminous realms / lights
रोचनानि:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootरोचन (प्रातिपदिक; √रुच् ‘दीप्तौ’)
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Kartā (विशेष्य ‘वीराः’)
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
राजन्तिshine / rule
राजन्ति:
Kriyā (मुख्य-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√राज् (दीप्तौ/ईश्वरे) → राजन्ति
असुरस्यof the Asura (lord)
असुरस्य:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः ‘वीराः’)
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
वीराःheroes
वीराः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतावानःpossessing ṛta (cosmic order)
ऋतावानः:
Kartā (विशेष्य ‘देवाः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootऋतावन् (प्रातिपदिक; ऋत + वन्)
इषिराःvigorous / impetuous
इषिराः:
Kartā (विशेष्य ‘देवाः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootइषिर (प्रातिपदिक)
दूळभासःhard to assail / hard to overcome
दूळभासः:
Kartā (विशेष्य ‘देवाः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootदूळभास (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दूळभ’ + आस्/आस (प्रत्यय), RV-विशेषण)
त्रिःthrice
त्रिः:
Adhikaraṇa (आवृत्त्यर्थ-क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) → त्रिः (अव्यय)
hither / unto
:
Upasarga (क्रियाविशेषकः; ‘सन्तु’ इत्यस्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
दिवःfrom heaven / of heaven
दिवः:
Apādāna (उत्पत्तिस्थान/स्रोतः; ‘दिवः’ = from heaven) / Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक ‘दिव्/द्यौ’)
विदथेin the rite / at the assembly
विदथे:
Adhikaraṇa (स्थान/अवसरः)
TypeNoun
Rootविदथ (प्रातिपदिक)
सन्तुlet (them) be
सन्तु:
Kriyā (आशीर्वचनात्मक-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् ‘भू’ → सन्तु
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)

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