Rig Veda 1.79.4 — Mandala 1, Sukta 79, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.79

Rishi: Gotama (Rāhūgaṇa)

Devata: Agni (Jātavedas)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (shorter closing petition within the sukta)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अग्ने वाजस्य गोमत ईशानः सहसो यहो । अस्मे धेहि जातवेदो महि श्रवः ॥

Transliteration

agné vā́jasya gómatá ī́śānaḥ sahaso yáho | asmè dhéhi jātavedo máhi śrávaḥ ||

Translation

O Agni, lord of the vāja that is rich in illumining rays, O might of forceful energy, place in us, O Jātavedas, a great hearing—wide fame of the soul that receives the Truth.

Word by Word

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजस्य: of strength/prize (vāja)
• वाजस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज- (प्रातिपदिक)

• गोमतः: of the cattle-rich (one); possessing cows
• गोमतः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: गोमत्- (प्रातिपदिक; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त)

• ईशानः: ruling; lord/master
• ईशानः: कर्तृ (of implied ‘being lord/master’)
• Type: Participle/Adjective
• Root: ईशान- (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √ईश् ‘to rule, possess’)

• सहसः: of might/force
• सहसः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• यहो: O glorious one / O glory
• यहो: सम्बोधन (appositive vocative to Agni)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यहो- (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic form, ‘glory/renown’)

• अस्मे: in us; for us
• अस्मे: अधिकरण (locative: ‘among/in us’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• धेहि: place; bestow
• धेहि: क्रिया (main verb); governs कर्म ‘श्रवः’
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धातु: ‘to place, put’)

• जातवेदः: O Jātavedas (Agni), knower of all that is born
• जातवेदः: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: जातवेदस्- (प्रातिपदिक; bahuvrīhi ‘whose knowledge is born/innate’)

• महि: great; greatly
• महि: विशेषण-भाव (qualifier of ‘श्रवः’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: महि (अव्यय; from महत्- ‘great’)

• श्रवः: fame; renown; glory
• श्रवः: कर्म (object of ‘धेहि’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रवस्- (प्रातिपदिक)