Rig Veda 1.43.6: Mandala 1, Sukta 43, Mantra 6

Sukta 1.43

Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional for RV 1.43)

Devata: Rudra (as pacifier and protector of movement and life-powers)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; typical for concise invocations)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

शं नः करत्यर्वते सुगं मेषाय मेष्ये । नृभ्यो नारिभ्यो गवे ॥

Transliteration

śáṃ naḥ karaty árvate sugáṃ meṣā́ya meṣyè | nṛ́bhyo nā́ribhyo gávē ||

Translation

May he work peace for us—make the path easy for the steed of our energies, for the ram and the ewe, for men and for women, and for the Cow of Light within: safe passage and right movement for all parts of the being.

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Word by Word

• शम्: auspiciously; welfare
• शम्: कर्म (फल/प्रयोजन-रूपेण ‘कल्याणम्’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शम् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक; PIE *ḱem- ‘calm, auspicious’)

• नः: for us; our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (अधिकार/सम्बन्धः—‘for us/our’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• करतु: let (him) make; may he do
• करतु: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• अर्वते: for the horse; for the steed-owner
• अर्वते: सम्प्रदान (दत्त/हित-प्राप्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्वत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘अश्व/अश्ववान्’)

• सुगम्: a good path; easy passage
• सुगम्: कर्म (यत् कर्तुं प्रार्थ्यते—‘सुगं करोतु’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सु-ग (प्रातिपदिक; सु + ग ‘going/walk/way’)

• मेषाय: for the ram
• मेषाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेष (प्रातिपदिक)

• मेष्ये: for the ewe
• मेष्ये: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेष्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ewe’, fem. of मेष)

• नृभ्यः: for men
• नृभ्यः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• नारिभ्यः: for women
• नारिभ्यः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारी (प्रातिपदिक)

• गवे: for the cow; for cattle
• गवे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)