Shloka 3

Devanagari script

निश्वसन्तं तु तं दृष्ट्वा क्रुद्धं दशरथात्मजम्।बभूवुर्हरयस्त्रस्ता न चैनं पर्यवारयन्।।।।

Transliteration

niśvasantaṃ tu taṃ dṛṣṭvā kruddhaṃ daśarathātmajam | babhūvur harayas trastā na cainaṃ paryavārayan ||

Translation

ពេលវានរទាំងឡាយឃើញព្រះរាម ព្រះរាជបុត្រនៃទសរថ កំពុងដកដង្ហើមខ្លាំងដោយកំហឹង ពួកវាក៏ភ័យខ្លាច ហើយមិនហ៊ានចូលទៅល้อมជុំវិញព្រះអង្គឡើយ។

Word by Word

• niśvasantam: sighing/breathing heavily
• niśvasantam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ni-√śvas (श्वस्) (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘तम्’ इति विशेषणम्

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्) (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• kruddham: angry
• kruddham: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kruddha (कृदन्त; √krudh क्रुध्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘तम्’ इति विशेषणम्

• daśarathātmajam: son of Dasharatha
• daśarathātmajam: Apposition (समनाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—‘दशरथस्य आत्मजः’

• babhūvuḥ: became
• babhūvuḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू) (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन

• harayaḥ: monkeys
• harayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• trastāḥ: frightened
• trastāḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: trasta (कृदन्त; √tras त्रस्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘हरयः’ इति विशेषणम्

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction: and)

• enam: him
• enam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• paryavārayan: surrounded/encircled
• paryavārayan: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-ā-√vṛ (वृ) (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; नकारेण निषेधः

Context

The monkeys kept away out of fear to see the son of Dasaratha, who was angry andsighing deeply.

Characters & Entities

• Lakshmana
• Dasaratha
• Vanaras (harayaḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Restraint and situational propriety: when righteous anger is present, others avoid escalation, reflecting non-provocation and respect for moral authority.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa arrives visibly enraged; the vanaras, intimidated, keep their distance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Gravitas of righteous indignation: Lakṣmaṇa’s seriousness signals commitment to duty and justice.