Shloka 164

Rudra’s Removal of Brahmahatyā; Kapālamocana and Avimukta Māhātmya; Origins of Nara and Karṇa

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Devanagari script

वत्सगुल्मं च गोकर्णं तथा चैवोत्तरान्कुरून् । भद्राश्वं केतुमालं च वर्षं हैरण्यकं तथा

Transliteration

vatsagulmaṃ ca gokarṇaṃ tathā caivottarānkurūn | bhadrāśvaṃ ketumālaṃ ca varṣaṃ hairaṇyakaṃ tathā

Translation

ហើយទ្រង់បានរំលឹកដល់ វត្សគុល្ម និង គោកណ៌ ព្រមទាំងកុរុខាងជើង; ដូចគ្នានេះដែរ ភទ្រាស្វ និង កេតុមាល និងតំបន់ដែលហៅថា ហិរណ្យក ផងដែរ។

Word by Word

• वत्सगुल्मम्: Vatsagulma (a place/region)
• वत्सगुल्मम्: Karma (Object in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वत्सगुल्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (वत्सः इव गुल्मः/वत्स-गुल्म नाम)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)

• गोकर्णम्: Gokarṇa (a place)
• गोकर्णम्: Karma (Object in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (गोः कर्णः इव/गो-कर्ण नाम)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriya-visheshaṇa / Samuccaya
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/समुच्चय (adverb: 'likewise')

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha-bodhaka (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण/निश्चय (emphatic particle)

• उत्तरान्: northern
• उत्तरान्: Karma-visheshaṇa (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• कुरून्: the Kurus (people/region)
• कुरून्: Karma (Object in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• भद्राश्वम्: Bhadrāśva (a region)
• भद्राश्वम्: Karma (Object in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भद्र + अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-नाम (भद्रः अश्वः/भद्राश्व नाम)

• केतुमालम्: Ketumāla (a region)
• केतुमालम्: Karma (Object in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: केतु + माल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (केतूनां मालः/केतुमाल नाम)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• वर्षम्: a region/varṣa
• वर्षम्: Karma (Object in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन

• हैरण्यकम्: Hairaṇyaka (golden/named Hairaṇyaka)
• हैरण्यकम्: Karma-visheshaṇa (Qualifier of 'varṣam')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हैरण्यक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (वर्षम् इति विशेष्य)

• तथा: also/likewise
• तथा: Samuccaya
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अनुक्रम (likewise)

Speaker

Not explicitly identifiable from this single verse (context needed from surrounding verses).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: city

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: चैवोत्तरान्कुरून् = च + एव + उत्तरान् + कुरून् (सन्धि: च+एव=चैव; उत्तरान्+कुरून्=उत्तरान्कुरून्).

Characters & Entities

• Vatsagulma
• Gokarṇa
• Uttarāḥ Kuravaḥ (Northern Kurus)
• Bhadrāśva
• Ketumāla
• Hiraṇyaka (varṣa/region)

FAQs

What does this verse reveal about Purāṇic geography?

It lists multiple named regions and sacred/locales—such as Uttara Kuru, Bhadrāśva, and Ketumāla—reflecting the Purāṇic cosmological map where Jambūdvīpa and other divisions are described through varṣas and renowned places.

Is Gokarṇa presented here as a tīrtha (pilgrimage site)?

Gokarṇa is widely known in Hindu tradition as a prominent tīrtha; in this verse it appears as part of a catalog of significant places/regions, consistent with Purāṇic enumerations of sacred geography.

What is the ethical or spiritual lesson in this verse?

The verse functions mainly as an enumerative description rather than a direct moral instruction; its spiritual value lies in orienting the reader toward a sacred, ordered cosmos where places and regions are integrated into a Purāṇic vision of dharma and pilgrimage.