Shloka 10

Adhyaya 36 — Madalasa’s Final Counsel and the Renunciation of King Ritadhvaja

Sanskrit

ततः कुबलयाश्वोऽसौ सा च देवी मदालसा ।

पुत्राय दत्त्वा तद्राज्यं तपसे काननं गतौ ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ kubalayāśvo 'sau sā ca devī madālasā | putrāya dattvā tadrājyaṃ tapase kānanaṃ gatau

Translation

បន្ទាប់មក គុបលយាស្វ (Kubalayāśva) និងស្ត្រីមហាក្សត្រី មដាលសា (Madālasā) បានប្រគល់រាជ្យនោះឲ្យកូនប្រុស ហើយបានចូលព្រៃ ដើម្បីអនុវត្តតបស្យា (austerities)។

Word by Word

• tataḥ: thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/अनन्तरवाचक-अव्यय (then/thereafter)

• kubalayāśvaḥ: King Kubalayāśva
• kubalayāśvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kubalayāśva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुँल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (proper noun)

• asau: that (man)
• asau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुँल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• devī: the queen/lady
• devī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• madālasā: Madālasā
• madālasā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madālasā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (proper noun)

• putrāya: to (their) son
• putrāya: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुँल्लिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन

• dattvā: having given
• dattvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund), अर्थ: ‘दत्त्वा’ (having given)

• tat-rājyam: that kingdom
• tat-rājyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + rājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (determinative): ‘तत् राज्य’ (that kingdom/that sovereignty); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• tapase: for austerity
• tapase: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन

• kānanam: to the forest
• kānanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kānana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• gatau: the two went
• gatau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past participle) ‘गत’; पुँल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; दम्पत्योः (dual)

Speakers

• Narrator (continuing Jaḍa’s narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Renunciation
• Āśrama transition
• Royal succession
• Tapas

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The ideal arc presented is: fulfill worldly responsibility, transfer it appropriately, then pursue the higher aim—showing a harmonization of pravṛtti (engagement) and nivṛtti (withdrawal).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita, emphasizing exemplary royal conduct and life-stage dharma.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Giving the kingdom’ symbolizes relinquishing inner sovereignty over others and reclaiming sovereignty over oneself through tapas.