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Shloka 44

राजधर्मप्रश्नः — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry into Rājadharma (Śānti-parva 56)

भवितव्यं सदा राज्ञा गर्भिणीसहधर्मिणा । कारणं च महाराज शृणु येनेदमिष्यते,महाराज! राजाका प्रजाके साथ गर्भिणी स्त्रीका-सा बर्ताव होना चाहिये। किस कारणसे ऐसा होना उचित है, यह बताता हूँ, सुनो

bhavitavyaṃ sadā rājñā garbhiṇī-sahadharmiṇā | kāraṇaṃ ca mahārāja śṛṇu yenedaṃ iṣyate ||

ភីෂ្មៈបានមានព្រះបន្ទូលថា៖ «ឱ ព្រះមហាក្សត្រដ៏អធិការ! អ្នកគ្រប់គ្រងគួរតែប្រព្រឹត្តចំពោះប្រជារាស្ត្ររបស់ខ្លួន ដូចជាប្រព្រឹត្តចំពោះភរិយាដែលកំពុងមានផ្ទៃពោះ—ការពារ ទន់ភ្លន់ និងយកចិត្តទុកដាក់លើសុខុមាលភាពរបស់នាងជានិច្ច។ ឥឡូវនេះ សូមស្តាប់ហេតុផល ឱ មហារាជា ដែលធ្វើឲ្យគោលការណ៍នេះត្រឹមត្រូវ។»

भवितव्यम्must be / is to be (to be done)
भवितव्यम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभवितव्य (भू धातु + तव्यत्)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
गर्भिणी-सहधर्मिणाwith (his) pregnant wife (his partner in dharma)
गर्भिणी-सहधर्मिणा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगर्भिणी + सहधर्मिन्
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
कारणम्the reason
कारणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
Formneuter, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
शृणुhear / listen
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (शृणोति)
Formimperative, 2nd, singular
येनby which (reason)
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
इष्यतेis considered proper / is desired
इष्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (इच्छति) / इष्यते (passive)
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, passive

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Mahārāja (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira as addressee)
R
rājā (king)
G
garbhiṇī sahadharmiṇī (pregnant wife/consort as analogy)
P
prajā (subjects, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

A king’s dharma is to protect and nurture the people with the same careful, gentle vigilance one shows toward a pregnant spouse—avoiding harm, anticipating needs, and prioritizing long-term welfare.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma addresses the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) and introduces an analogy: the ruler must relate to the subjects with protective care; he then promises to explain the rationale for why this standard is considered proper.