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Shloka 2

Jarā-Mṛtyu-anatikrama: Janaka–Pañcaśikha-saṃvāda

Aging and Death Cannot Be Overstepped

अविद्यामाहुरव्यक्तं सर्गप्रलयधर्मि वै । सर्गप्रलयनिर्मुक्तां विद्यां वै पडचविंशक:

Vasiṣṭha uvāca: avidyām āhur avyaktam sarga-pralaya-dharmi vai | sarga-pralaya-nirmuktāṁ vidyāṁ vai pañcaviṁśakam ||

វសិដ្ឋៈបានមានព្រះវាចា៖ ពួកមុនីទាំងឡាយហៅ «អវិជ្ជា» ថា ជាអវ្យក្ត (ប្រក្រឹតិ) ដែលមានធម្មជាតិកើតឡើង និងរលាយទៅ។ តែអ្វីដែលរួចផុតពីការកើត និងការរលាយ—គឺតត្តវៈទី២៥ ព្រះបុរសដ៏អធិក, ព្រះអាត្មដ៏អធិក លើសពីតត្តវៈ២៤—នោះហៅថា «វិជ្ជា»។

अविद्याम्ignorance (avidyā)
अविद्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअविद्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey call / they say
आहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (अहति/आह)
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अव्यक्तम्the unmanifest (avyakta)
अव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सर्गप्रलयधर्मिhaving the nature of creation and dissolution
सर्गप्रलयधर्मि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्गप्रलयधर्मिन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed / surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
सर्गप्रलयनिर्मुक्ताम्freed from creation and dissolution
सर्गप्रलयनिर्मुक्ताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्गप्रलयनिर्मुक्त
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
विद्याम्knowledge (vidyā)
विद्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed / surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पञ्चविंशकम्the twenty-fifth (principle)
पञ्चविंशकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
M
muni (sages)
A
avyakta (prakṛti)
P
pañcaviṁśa tattva (Puruṣa/Paramātman)

Educational Q&A

Ignorance is identification with the unmanifest prakṛti that undergoes creation and dissolution; true knowledge is recognition of the twenty-fifth principle—the Puruṣa/Paramātman—transcending the changing cycle of sarga and pralaya.

In a didactic discourse within Śānti Parva, Vasiṣṭha instructs by defining ‘avidyā’ and ‘vidyā’ in Sāṅkhya terms, contrasting the changeful cosmic principle (avyakta/prakṛti) with the changeless Supreme Self beyond the twenty-four tattvas.