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Shloka 8

Bhūta-guṇa-saṃkhyāna

Enumeration of the Properties of the Elements and Cognitive Faculties

सेयं भावात्मिका भावांस्त्रीनेतानतिवर्तते । सरितां सागरो भर्ता महावेलामिवोर्मिमान्‌

seyaṁ bhāvātmikā bhāvāṁs trīn etān ativartate | saritāṁ sāgaro bhartā mahāvelām ivormimān ||

វ្យាសបានមានព្រះវាចា៖ បញ្ញា-ចិត្តនេះ ដែលកើតពីសភាពនៃចិត្ត (भाव) អាចលើសផុតស្ថានភាពទាំងបីនោះ។ ដូចសមុទ្រ—ជាម្ចាស់នៃទន្លេទាំងឡាយ មានរលកធំៗកំពុងរលំ—ពេលខ្លះក៏លើសផុតសូម្បីតែឆ្នេរធំទូលាយរបស់ខ្លួនដែរ; ដូច្នេះដែរ បញ្ញាដែលមានមូលដ្ឋានលើសភាពនៃចិត្តនេះ ពេលបានតាំងនៅក្នុងយោគៈនៃការទប់ស្កាត់ចលនាចិត្ត នឹងឆ្លងកាត់លើសផុតមោទនៈទាំងបីនោះ។

साshe/that (f.)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इयम्this (f.)
इयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भावात्मिकाconsisting of/characterized by mental states (bhāvas)
भावात्मिका:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभावात्मिक
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भावान्mental states; modes of being
भावान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्रीन्three
त्रीन्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एतान्these
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अतिवर्ततेcrosses over; transcends
अतिवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootअति√वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
सरिताम्of rivers
सरिताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसरित्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
सागरःthe ocean
सागरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भर्ताlord; supporter; master
भर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महावेलाम्the great shore/limit (coastline)
महावेलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहावेला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike; as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
ऊर्मिमान्having waves; wave-filled
ऊर्मिमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootऊर्मिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
O
ocean (sāgara)
R
rivers (saritaḥ)
S
shore/coastline (velā)
W
waves (ūrmi)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the disposition-formed intellect (buddhi shaped by mental states) can, when grounded in yogic restraint of mental fluctuations, transcend the three fundamental modes/states that ordinarily govern experience.

Vyāsa explains a psychological-spiritual point using a vivid simile: as the ocean sometimes surges beyond its shoreline, so the mind-intellect, when stabilized in yoga, can overstep the usual limits imposed by the three bhāvas.