Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 13

कामबन्धन-निवृत्ति तथा शान्तिलक्षण-उपदेशः | Release from Desire-Bondage and the Marks of Peace

भृत्यशेषं तु यो5श्नाति तमाहुर्विघसाशिनम्‌ | विघसं भृत्यशेषं तु यज्ञशेषमथामृतम्‌

bhṛtyaśeṣaṃ tu yo 'śnāti tam āhur vighasāśinam | vighasaṃ bhṛtyaśeṣaṃ tu yajñaśeṣam athāmṛtam ||

វ្យាសៈបានមានព្រះវាចា៖ អ្នកណាដែលបរិភោគអាហារដែលនៅសល់ក្រោយពេលបានបំបៅអ្នកដែលត្រូវអាស្រ័យចិញ្ចឹម—សមាជិកគ្រួសារ និងអ្នកពឹងពាក់—គេហៅថា «វិឃសាសី» (អ្នកបរិភោគវិឃស)។ អាហារដែលនៅសល់ក្រោយបំបៅអ្នកពឹងពាក់ គេហៅថា «វិឃស»; តែអាហារដែលនៅសល់ក្រោយការបំពេញកិច្ចយញ្ញ—ដូចជា បញ្ចមហាយញ្ញ និងពិធីបលិ-វៃស្វទេវ—គេហៅថា «អម្រឹត» គឺ «ទឹកទិព្វ»។

भृत्यशेषम्the remainder left for/after servants (dependents)
भृत्यशेषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्यशेष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्नातिeats
अश्नाति:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey call/say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
विघसाशिनम्one who eats the leavings (vighasa-eater)
विघसाशिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविघसाशिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विघसम्leavings/leftover food
विघसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविघस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भृत्यशेषम्servants’ remainder (food left after feeding dependents)
भृत्यशेषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्यशेष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुand/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यज्ञशेषम्the remainder of a sacrifice
यज्ञशेषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञशेष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अमृतम्nectar; (here) sacred/immortal (food)
अमृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
V
vighasa
A
amṛta
Y
yajña (sacrificial rites)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a dharmic hierarchy of eating: one should first feed those one must support; what remains is ‘vighasa’. More highly valued is ‘amṛta’, the sanctified remainder of obligatory sacrificial duties (pañca-mahāyajñas, bali-vaiśvadeva), which is considered spiritually elevating.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Vyāsa defines technical terms related to household conduct and ritual: who is called a vighasāśin, what counts as vighasa, and why sacrificial remnants are termed amṛta.