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Shloka 4

प्रजापतयः देवगणाश्च दिशि-दिशि स्थिताः ऋषयः

Prajāpatis, Deva-Groups, and the Ṛṣis Assigned to the Directions

यत्कारणं यत्र विधि: प्रवृत्तो ज्ञाने फलं यत्प्रवदन्ति विप्रा: । यन्मन्त्रशब्दैरकृतप्रकाशं तदुच्यतां मे भगवन्‌ यथावत्‌

yatkāraṇaṁ yatra vidhiḥ pravṛtto jñāne phalaṁ yatpravadanti viprāḥ | yanmantraśabdair akṛtaprakāśaṁ taducyatāṁ me bhagavan yathāvat, bhagavan ||

ភីស្មា បានមានព្រះបន្ទូលថា៖ «ឱ ព្រះអង្គដ៏គួរគោរព! សូមពន្យល់ឲ្យខ្ញុំដោយត្រឹមត្រូវ និងពេញលេញ អំពីសច្ចធម៌អស់កាលនោះ ដែលជាមូលហេតុនៃលោកនេះ; ដែលសម្រាប់វា គេបានអនុវត្តពិធី និងវិន័យតាមវេដៈ; ដែលព្រះព្រាហ្មណ៍អ្នកប្រាជ្ញប្រកាសថា ជាផលដែលទទួលបានដោយចំណេះដឹងពិត; ហើយដែលសារសំខាន់របស់វា មិនអាចបំភ្លឺបានទាំងស្រុង ដោយពាក្យមន្តវេដៈតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ»។

यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कारणम्cause
कारणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्रwhere/for which
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
विधिःinjunction; Vedic rite
विधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रवृत्तःset in motion; engaged
प्रवृत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञानेin/through knowledge
ज्ञाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
फलम्fruit; result
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रवदन्तिthey declare
प्रवदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + वद्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
विप्राःbrahmins; sages
विप्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मन्त्र-शब्दैःby mantra-words (Vedic utterances)
मन्त्र-शब्दैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रशब्द
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अकृत-प्रकाशम्not made manifest; not fully revealed
अकृत-प्रकाशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअकृतप्रकाश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उच्यताम्let it be told; may it be stated
उच्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Imperative, Third, Singular, Passive (Karmani)
मेto me; for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
भगवन्O Blessed Lord
भगवन्:
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यथावत्properly; as it truly is
यथावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथावत्
भगवन्O Lord
भगवन्:
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Bhagavan (addressed teacher/deity)
V
viprāḥ (Brahmin sages)
V
Vedic mantras
V
vidhi (Vedic injunction/rites)
B
Brahman/Paramatman (implied as the fruit of knowledge)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames the highest Reality (Brahman/Paramatman) as the ultimate cause, the true goal behind Vedic injunctions, and the supreme fruit of knowledge—yet not something exhaustively captured by mantra-words alone. It points toward realization that transcends mere verbal or ritual formulation.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction setting, Bhishma addresses a revered teacher as “Bhagavan” and requests a precise exposition of the eternal principle: why rituals are performed, what sages call the result of knowledge, and what remains only partially disclosed by Vedic mantras.