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Shloka 4

पुनर्द्यूत-समाह्वानम्

Renewed Summons to the Dice-Game and Exile Wager

प्रातिकाम्युवाच युधिष्ठिरो द्यूतमदेन मत्तो दुर्योधनो द्रौपदि त्वामजैषीत्‌ । सा त्वं प्रपद्यस्व धृतराष्ट्रस्य वेश्म नयामि त्वां कर्मणे याज्ञसेनि

Vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca: Prātikāmy uvāca—Yudhiṣṭhiro dyūtamadena matto Duryodhano Draupadi tvām ajaiṣīt. Sā tvaṃ prapadyasva Dhṛtarāṣṭrasya veśma; nayāmi tvāṃ karmaṇe, Yājñaseni.

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प्रातिकाम्य्Prātikāmin (the messenger)
प्रातिकाम्य्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रातिकामिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्यूतमदेनby the intoxication of gambling
द्यूतमदेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूतमद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मत्तःintoxicated, maddened
मत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रौपदिO Draupadī
द्रौपदि:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौपदी
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अजैषीत्won, conquered
अजैषीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormImperfect, 3, Singular
साshe/that (you)
सा:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रपद्यस्वsubmit, go for refuge
प्रपद्यस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-पद्
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Ātmanepada
धृतराष्ट्रस्यof Dhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वेश्मhouse, palace
वेश्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेश्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नयामिI lead, I take
नयामि:
TypeVerb
Rootनी
FormPresent, 1, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कर्मणेfor work, for service
कर्मणे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Dative, Singular
याज्ञसेनिO Yājñasenī
याज्ञसेनि:
TypeNoun
Rootयाज्ञसेनी
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular

वैशग्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
P
Prātikāmin
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Duryodhana
D
Draupadī (Yājñasenī)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s palace (veśma)
D
dice-play (dyūta)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how loss of self-control and moral discernment (here, gambling-induced delusion) can lead to grave ethical collapse—treating persons as property and attempting to reduce dignity to servitude—thereby exposing the tension between royal power, dharma, and human worth.

A court attendant, Prātikāmin, conveys to Draupadī that Yudhiṣṭhira, having lost in the dice game, staked her and that Duryodhana claims to have won her; he orders her to come to Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s palace to be made to serve, setting up the ensuing confrontation in the Kuru court.