Adhyakshaprachara Adhyaya 36 Sutra 35 - Arthashastra | Khmer | Vedapath

Kautilya

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Sutra 35

Devanagari script

तूर्यशब्दे राज्ञो गृहाभ्याशे सपादपणं अक्षणताडनं प्रथमपश्चिमयामिकं मध्यमयामिकं द्विगुणमन्तश्चतुर्गुणम् ॥ कZ_०२.३६.३५ ॥

Transliteration

tūryaśabde rājño gṛhābhyāśe sapādapaṇaṃ akṣaṇatāḍanaṃ prathamapaścimayāmikaṃ madhyamayāmikaṃ dviguṇam antaś caturguṇam.

Translation

នៅពេលសូរសំឡេងឧបករណ៍រោទិ៍ (tūrya) ក្នុងបរិវេណជិតលំនៅរបស់ព្រះមហាក្សត្រ ពិន័យគឺ មួយ និងមួយភាគបួន បណៈ (paṇa)។ ចំពោះការវាយ (អ្នកដទៃ) ដោយមិនបង្ករបួស ពិន័យត្រូវកំណត់តាមវេនយាម៖ ក្នុងវេនដំបូង និងវេនចុងក្រោយ គឺតាមអត្រាមូលដ្ឋាន; ក្នុងវេនកណ្ដាល គឺទ្វេដង; ហើយនៅខាងក្នុង (តំបន់ខាងក្នុង/តំបន់ហាមឃាត់បំផុត) គឺបួនដង។

Word by Word

तूर्य-शब्देwhen there is the sound of musical instruments (drum/pipe etc.)

राज्ञःof the king

गृह-अभ्याशेin the vicinity of the (king’s) residence

स-पाद-पणम्a fine of one and a quarter paṇa

अक्षण-ताडनम्‘akṣaṇa-tāḍana’—a specified punitive beating/striking penalty (a technical punishment term)

प्रथम-पश्चिम-यामिकम्(penalty) for the first ‘western’ watch/portion of the night (a time-slot category)

मध्यम-यामिकम्(penalty) for the middle watch of the night

द्वि-गुणम्double (the fine/penalty)

अन्तःat the end / in the last period

चतुḥ-गुणम्fourfold (the fine/penalty)

Entities Mentioned

king (rājā)

guards/night watch (implied)

FAQs

Why are penalties higher in the middle watch and inside restricted areas?

Kauṭilya treats those times/locations as higher-risk for burglary, assassination, and panic; deterrence is increased by multiplying fines.

What administrative idea is embedded here?

Risk-weighted policing: punishments scale with threat level (time, proximity to sovereign, and restricted zones).