Varaha Purana - Adhyaya 106
Varaha PuranaAdhyaya 1069 Shlokas

Adhyaya 106: The Significance and Rite of Donating the ‘Curd-Cow’ (Dadhidhenudāna)

Dadhidhenudāna-māhātmya

Ritual-Manual (Dāna-vidhi and Phalaśruti)

『ヴァラーハ・プラーナ』に典型的なヴァラーハ—プリティヴィーの教示枠の中で、本章は dadhidhenudāna(ダディ・デーヌダーナ)—凝乳(curd)によって作られ/象徴される「牝牛」と付随供物を施す儀礼—の簡潔な作法(vidhāna)を説く。語り手(Hotṛ として紹介される)は王に、浄められた祭場の整え方を教える。すなわち牛糞で塗り固め、装飾した地面の尺度を設け、クシャ草(kuśa)と黒羚羊皮を敷き、七種の穀物の山の上に凝乳の壺を安置する。さらに、顔を飾った金の子牛、覆い布、花、香が規定される。施与は、家系・行い・忍耐などの徳を備えた相応しいブラーフマナ(brāhmaṇa)に向けられる。履物や傘などの副次の贈り物と真言誦持を伴い、その後は食の節制と三夜の遵守を行う。結びの phalaśruti は、施主・証人・誦読者に死後の高き帰趣を約束する。

Primary Speakers

VarāhaPṛthivī

Key Concepts

dadhidhenudāna (ritualized gifting through dairy symbolism)śaucavidhi (ritual purification with gomaya)saptadhānya (seven-grain heap as ritual base)dakṣiṇā and recipient-qualification (brāhmaṇa guṇa/ācāra)mantra-prayoga (use of ‘dadhikrāvṇ’ formula)niyama (ekāhāra and curd-based restraint)phalaśruti (merit claims: aśvamedha-phala, Viṣṇuloka)

Shlokas in Adhyaya 106

Verse 1

अथ दधिधेनुदान माहात्म्यम् ॥ होतोवाच ॥ दधिधेनोर्महाराज विधानं शृणु सांप्रतम् ॥ अनुलिप्ते महीभागे गोमयेन नराधिप

ここに「ダディヒデーヌ」(凝乳の牝牛)の布施の功徳を説く。ホートリは言った。「大王よ、いまダディヒデーヌの作法を聞け。人々の支配者よ、牛糞で塗り固めた地面の一画に……」。

Verse 2

गोचर्ममात्रं तु पुनः पुष्पप्रकरशोभिते ॥ कुशैरास्तीर्य वसुधां कृष्णाजिनकुशोत्तरीम्

さらに、牛皮ほどの広さの場所を花房で美しく飾る。地にクシャ草を敷き、黒羚羊の皮を置き、その上にもクシャ草を敷く。

Verse 3

दधिकुम्भं तु संस्थाप्य सप्तधान्यचयोपरि ॥ चतुर्थांशेन वत्सं तु सौवर्णं मुखमण्डितम्

凝乳の壺を七種の穀物の積み上げの上に据え、(次に)子牛を作る――黄金で、顔を飾り――(量は)四分の一(の分量)とする。

Verse 4

आच्छाद्य वस्त्रयुग्मेन पुष्पगन्धैस्तु पूजिताम् ॥ ब्राह्मणाय कुलीनाय साधुवृत्ताय धीमते

供物を一対の衣で覆い、花と香で敬って供養したのち、良き家系に生まれ、徳ある行いを守り、慧あるブラーフマナに捧げるべきである。

Verse 5

क्षमादिगुणयुक्ताय दद्यत्तां दधिधेनुकाम् ॥ पुच्छदेशोपविष्टस्तु मुद्रिकाकर्णभूषणैः

この「凝乳の牝牛」は、忍耐などの徳を備えた者に施すべきであり、尾のあたりに装飾を施し、指輪や耳飾りで荘厳に整える。

Verse 6

पादुकोपानहौ छत्रं दत्त्वा मन्त्रिममं पठेत् ॥ दधिक्राव्णेति मन्त्रेण दद्याद्धेनुं सुपूजिताम्

履物(サンダルと靴)と傘を施したのち、このマントラを唱えるべきである。「dadhikrāvṇa…」のマントラによって、十分に供養された牝牛を授与する。

Verse 7

एवं दधिमयीं धेनुं दत्त्वा राजर्षिसत्तम ॥ एकाहारी दिनं तिष्ठेद्दध्ना च नृपनन्दन

このように、凝乳で作られた(儀礼の施与としての)牝牛を施したなら、王仙の中の最勝者よ、一日、ただ一度の食事のみで過ごすべきである—しかもその食事も凝乳を伴って、王たちの喜びよ。

Verse 8

यजमानो वसेद्राजंस्त्रिरात्रं च द्विजोत्तमः ॥ दीयमानां प्रपश्यन्ति ते यान्ति परमं पदम्

祭主(yajamāna)はそこに、王よ、三夜住すべし。最勝のブラーフマナもまた同様である。施与がなされるのを目撃する者たちは、最高の境地へと至る。

Verse 9

य इदं शृणुयाद्भक्त्या श्रावयेद्वापि मानवः ॥ सोऽश्वमेधफलं प्राप्य विष्णुलोकं च गच्छति

これを信愛をもって聞く者、あるいは誦させる者は、アシュヴァメーダの果報を得て、ヴィシュヌの世界へ赴く。

Frequently Asked Questions

The text emphasizes regulated generosity (dāna) performed with ritual cleanliness, correct procedure, and careful selection of a worthy recipient. Ethical value is located in disciplined giving—material support directed to a learned and virtuous brāhmaṇa—combined with self-restraint (niyama) after the donation. The chapter frames merit as arising from both the act and its orderly, socially accountable execution.

No lunar tithi, nakṣatra, month, or seasonal timing is specified. The only temporal markers are observance-lengths: the donor maintains a one-day regulated intake (ekāhāra) and remains with curd-based restraint for that day, while the officiant/leading brāhmaṇa is described as observing a three-night period (trirātra).

Environmental balance is implied through the ritual’s Earth-facing materials and purification logic: gomaya (cow-dung plaster) and kuśa (sacred grass) prepare the ground (vasudhā), highlighting a model where the terrestrial surface is treated as a managed, purified substrate for human action. The ‘cow’ symbolism (dhenū) and the use of grains (saptadhānya) also link prosperity and moral order to agrarian/ecological cycles, aligning with the Varāha Purāṇa’s broader Pṛthivī-centered worldview even when Pṛthivī is not explicitly named in the verses.

No specific dynasties or named sages are cited. The chapter addresses a generalized royal figure (e.g., mahārāja, narādhipa, nṛpa-nandana, rājarṣi-sattama) and prescribes gifting to a ‘kulīna’ brāhmaṇa of good conduct and virtues. The only explicit role-title is Hotṛ, indicating a Vedic ritual function rather than an individualized historical person.

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