Vamana Purana — Sukesha's Boon & Twelve Dharmas, Shloka 53
Sukesha’s Boon, the Twelve Dharmas of Beings, and the Cosmography of the Seven Dvipas with the Twenty-One Hells
ततो ऽपि द्विःस्थितश्चान्यस्तमिस्रो नरकः स्मृतः अन्धतामिस्रको नाम चतुर्थो द्विगुमः परः
tato 'pi dviḥsthitaścānyastamisro narakaḥ smṛtaḥ andhatāmisrako nāma caturtho dvigumaḥ paraḥ
さらにその先に、二倍の苛烈さをもつ別の地獄があり、タミスラ（Tamisra）と記される。加えて第四は、いよいよ二倍の激しさを増し、アンダタミスラ（Andhatāmisra）と名づけられる。
{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }
FAQs
Ethically, the text teaches that moral ignorance (‘darkness’) culminates in experiential darkness—confusion, loss of discernment, and suffering. The graded structure warns that escalating wrongdoing yields escalating consequences.
As with other naraka catalogues, it is best treated as dharma-upadeśa and cosmographic enumeration within a purāṇic frame, rather than genealogical (vaṃśa) or dynastic narrative (vaṃśānucarita).
Tamisra and Andhatāmisra literalize spiritual blindness: when discrimination (viveka) is lost, one enters ‘darkness.’ ‘Andha’ intensifies the metaphor—complete incapacity to see truth—mirroring the compounded effects of adharma.