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Vamana Purana — Harihara Revelation, Shloka 41

Harihara Revelation and the Kurukshetra Tirtha Cycle: Sthanu in Vishnu and the Sanctification of Saptasarasvata

Devanagari script

मातापितृभ्यां यो दत्तः स दत्तः परिगीयते मित्रपुत्रं मित्रदत्तं कृत्रिमं प्राहुरुत्तमाः

Transliteration

mātāpitṛbhyāṃ yo dattaḥ sa dattaḥ parigīyate mitraputraṃ mitradattaṃ kṛtrimaṃ prāhuruttamāḥ

Translation

母と父によって（養子として）与えられた者は、『datta（ダッタ）』の子として称えられる。賢者たちはまた、『kṛtrima（クリトリマ）』（作為の子）を、友の子、あるいは友によって与えられた子であると説く。

Word by Word
मातापितृभ्याम्by the mother and father
मातापितृभ्याम्:
करण (Agent-instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमाता + पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/स्त्री (समाहार-द्वन्द्व), तृतीया, द्विवचन; Instrumental dual
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Relative pronoun, Nominative singular
दत्तःgiven
दत्तः:
कर्तृसम्बन्ध (Predicate participle/विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Pronoun, Nominative singular
दत्तः(is called) a Dattaka (adopted son)
दत्तः:
कर्तृसम्बन्ध (Predicate nominal/प्रथमा)
TypeNoun
Rootदत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Nominative singular (as technical term)
परिगीयतेis proclaimed/said
परिगीयते:
क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + गा (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; Passive/ātmanepada usage: is sung/declared
मित्रपुत्रम्a friend’s son
मित्रपुत्रम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; Accusative singular (as appositional listing)
मित्रदत्तम्given by a friend
मित्रदत्तम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र + दत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; Accusative singular
कृत्रिमम्artificial/adopted (kṛtrima son)
कृत्रिमम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकृत्रिम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; Accusative singular
प्राहुःthey say/call
प्राहुः:
क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + अह् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
उत्तमाःthe eminent/authorities
उत्तमाः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; Nominative plural
Speakers
Surapati (Indra) continuing the didactic enumeration to the addressed ‘putraka’
Primary Deities
Indra
Key Themes
Dharma TeachingAdoption (datta)Constructed kinship (kṛtrima)Consent and legitimacySocial order and ritual continuity
Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

Datta is explicitly ‘given’ by the biological parents (mother and father), emphasizing formal transfer and consent. Kṛtrima is a more ‘constructed’ affiliation—here associated with a friend’s son or one given by a friend—highlighting social arrangement rather than direct parental transfer.

It reflects how adoption/affiliation could occur through trusted social networks. ‘Mitra’ signals reliability and recognized social bonds, which help legitimize a non-biological filial relationship within dharmic society.

Yes. In Dharma traditions, the type of son affects rights and duties—especially śrāddha performance, lineage continuation, and inheritance. Purāṇic lists like this preserve those distinctions in a teaching format.

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