Shloka 27

Sadācāra–Varṇa-lakṣaṇa and Prātaḥkṛtya

Right Conduct, Social Typologies, and Morning Purification

Devanagari script

अथ जाते च सायाह्ने भुवि पश्चिमदिण्मुखः । उद्धृत्य दद्यात्प्रातस्तु मध्याह्नेंगुलिभिस्तथा

Transliteration

atha jāte ca sāyāhne bhuvi paścimadiṇmukhaḥ | uddhṛtya dadyātprātastu madhyāhneṃgulibhistathā

Translation

次いで夕べが来たなら、地にあって西に面し、（聖なるもの）を持ち上げて供え、あるいは塗布せよ。朝にも同様に、また正午にも、定められた作法に従い指を用いて行うべし。

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: आरम्भ/अनन्तर-अव्यय (particle: ‘then/now’)

• जाते: when (it is) arisen/occurred
• जाते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √जन् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध/locative absolute) ‘when it has occurred’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• सायाह्ने: in the evening
• सायाह्ने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सायाह्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• भुवि: on the ground
• भुवि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• पश्चिम-दिक्-मुखः: facing west
• पश्चिम-दिक्-मुखः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पश्चिम (प्रातिपदिक) + दिश्/दिक् (प्रातिपदिक) + मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (पश्चिमायां दिशि मुखं यस्य)

• उद्धृत्य: having drawn up
• उद्धृत्य: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-√हृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having lifted/drawn (water)’

• दद्यात्: should give/offer
• दद्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• प्रातः: in the morning
• प्रातः: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रातः (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: ‘in the morning’)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विशेषण-अव्यय (particle)

• मध्याह्ने: at midday
• मध्याह्ने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मध्याह्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• अङ्गुलिभिः: with the fingers
• अङ्गुलिभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्गुलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: ‘thus/likewise’)

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating Shiva-worship procedures to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Tatpuruṣa

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It stresses niyama (disciplined observance) in Shiva-upasana: aligning worship with time (morning–midday–evening) and right procedure, which purifies the pashu (bound soul) and steadies devotion toward Pati (Shiva).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Such time-based directions belong to saguna worship—serving Shiva through concrete ritual acts (like offering/applying sacred substances) that support inner remembrance of Shiva’s presence in the Linga.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A thrice-daily observance connected with Shaiva purity practices—especially the proper offering/application of a sacred substance (commonly understood in this context as bhasma/tripundra-related procedure), done with attention to direction and method.