Shloka 8

पापभेदवर्णनम्

Classification of Sins / Taxonomy of Pāpa

Devanagari script

कालागताप्रदानं च धान्यवृद्ध्युपसेवनम् । निंदिताच्च धनादानं पण्यानां कूट जीवनम्

Transliteration

kālāgatāpradānaṃ ca dhānyavṛddhyupasevanam | niṃditācca dhanādānaṃ paṇyānāṃ kūṭa jīvanam

Translation

時機が過ぎてから施しをすること、穀物を買い占めて操り利をむさぼること、非難される者から贈り物を受け取ること、そして商いにおいて欺きで生計を立てること—これらは咎められる生き方であり、魂を垢に縛り、シヴァへのバクティを妨げる。

Word by Word

• कालागताप्रदानम्: failure to give at the proper time
• कालागताप्रदानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कालागताप्रदान (प्रातिपदिक; कालागत + अप्रदान)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (कर्मधारय: कालागतं + अप्रदानम् = non-giving when time has come)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• धान्यवृद्ध्युपसेवनम्: pursuit of increasing grain/produce
• धान्यवृद्ध्युपसेवनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धान्यवृद्ध्युपसेवन (प्रातिपदिक; धान्यवृद्धि + उपसेवन)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: धान्यवृद्धेः उपसेवनम् = pursuit of grain-increase)

• निन्दितात्: from a condemned (source/person)
• निन्दितात्: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निन्दित (प्रातिपदिक; √निन्द् + क्त)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case, Ablative), एकवचन; विशेषण-प्रयोग

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• धनादानम्: taking/accepting money
• धनादानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनादान (प्रातिपदिक; धन + आदान)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (द्वितीया-तत्पुरुष: धनम् आदानम्)

• पण्यानाम्: of goods/merchandise
• पण्यानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case, Genitive), बहुवचन

• कूटजीवनम्: fraudulent livelihood
• कूटजीवनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कूटजीवन (प्रातिपदिक; कूट + जीवन)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (कूटं जीवनम् = fraudulent livelihood)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Jyotirlinga Context

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga passage; continues the sin-catalogue focusing on untimely charity, grain profiteering, tainted patronage, and fraudulent trade—seen as karma-generating conduct that tightens pāśa and delays anugraha.

Significance: Encourages dāna at the proper time and honest livelihood as part of Śaiva caryā; purity of means (ājīva-śuddhi) supports effective pūjā, japa, and vrata.

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that spiritual progress in Śaiva dharma requires purity not only in worship but also in livelihood—timely charity, honest earning, and avoidance of impure wealth reduce bondage (pāśa) and support steady bhakti toward Śiva.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Liṅga worship emphasizes śuddhi (purity) of body, mind, and means. Offerings made from deceitful trade or blameworthy sources are considered tainted; ethical living becomes part of proper saguna-Śiva worship and a foundation for grace (anugraha).

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

The practical takeaway is to purify one’s conduct before vrata and pūjā—earn honestly, give dāna in the right time, and then perform japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with a clean conscience, optionally with bhasma and rudrākṣa as per Śaiva observance.