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Sama Veda — Pūrvārcika, Mantra 4

Pavamāna Soma’s purifying flow as both giver of victorious wealth and protector of the rite (apotropaic cleansing).

Rishi: Unspecified in input (requires arcika crosswalk)
Devata: Soma Pavamāna
Chandas: Unspecified in input
Devanagari Script

सोमाः पवन्त इन्दवो ऽस्मभ्यं गातुवित्तमाः मित्राः स्वाना अरेपसः स्वाध्यः स्वर्विदः

Samhita Patha

somāḥ pavanta indavo 'smabhyaṃ gātuvittamāḥ mitrāḥ svānā arepasaḥ svādhyaḥ svarvidaḥ

Transliteration

somāḥ1 pavanta indavo2 'smabhyaṃ gātuvittamāḥ3 | mitrāḥ1 svānā arepasaḥ2 svādhyaḥ svarvidaḥ3 ||

Translation

ソーマの滴（indu）は浄められて流れる。われらのために、それらは道を最もよく見いだす者。友なるもの、流れつつ響き、汚れなく、スヴァーディヤー（svādhyā：聖なる誦唱）にすぐれ、スヴァル（svar：天の光）を授ける。

Pada Patha (Word Analysis)

somāḥ | pavante | indavaḥ | asmabhyam | gātu-vit-tamāḥ | mitrāḥ | svānāḥ | arepasaḥ | su-ādhyaḥ | svar-vidaḥ

Word by Word
सोमाःthe Soma (juices), Somas
सोमाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
पवन्तेthey purify/stream forth
पवन्ते:
क्रिया (कर्तृ-सापेक्ष)
TypeVerb
Root√पू (पूञ् पवने) / √पु (पुनाति) — ‘to purify, to flow/stream (as purifying)’
इन्दवःthe drops (of Soma)
इन्दवः:
कर्तृ (सोमाः के विशेषण/समनाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मभ्यम्to us
अस्मभ्यम्:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
गातुवित्तमाःbest at finding/obtaining the path (best path-finders)
गातुवित्तमाः:
कर्तृ (सोमाः/इन्दवः के विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootगातुवित्तम (प्रातिपदिक; गातु-वित्त + तमप्)
मित्राःfriends
मित्राः:
कर्तृ (सोमाः/इन्दवः के विशेषण/समनाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वानाःsounding, resounding
स्वानाः:
कर्तृ (सोमाः/इन्दवः के विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वान (प्रातिपदिक; √स्वन् ‘to sound’ से ‘स्वान’ = sounding/roaring)
अरेपसःstainless, faultless
अरेपसः:
कर्तृ (सोमाः/इन्दवः के विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअरेपस् (प्रातिपदिक; a- + रेपस् ‘stain/defect’)
स्वाध्यःof good power/impulse, well-impelled
स्वाध्यः:
कर्तृ (सोमाः/इन्दवः के विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वाधि/स्वाध्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good/own power, good impulse’)
स्वर्विदःfinders/knowers of heaven (light)
स्वर्विदः:
कर्तृ (सोमाः/इन्दवः के विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर्विद् (प्रातिपदिक; स्वर् ‘heaven/light’ + √विद् ‘to know/find’)
Sāman Melody Name

Pavamāna-sāman (generic; specific tune not stated in input)

Vocal Structure

{ "prastava": "o vā / hāyi (tune-dependent)", "udgitha": "somāḥ pavanta indavo 'smabhyaṃ gātuvittamāḥ", "pratihara": "mitrāḥ svānā arepasaḥ", "upadrava": "svādhyaḥ svarvidaḥ", "nidhana": "(cadential stobha per gāna)", "structure_notes": "Natural rhetorical progression: purification → guidance → friendly resonance/faultlessness → svādhyāya → light. Upadrava is a compact ‘illumination seal’.", "singer_assignments": "Standard three-priest distribution; nidhana by all." }

Sāyaṇa Commentary

{ "gloss_summary": "Soma drops are purified; for us they are ‘gātu-vit’—knowers/finders of the path (to svarga/prosperity). They are friendly, resounding, stainless (free of doṣa) through filtration; ‘svādhyaḥ’ indicates excellence in sacred utterance; ‘svarvidaḥ’ grants/finds heavenly light.", "ritual_interpretation": "‘Gātu’ is the ritual path and the path to heaven secured by sacrifice; ‘arepasaḥ’ is faultlessness obtained by passing through pavitra.", "theological_insight": "Purity is teleological: it is for guidance and illumination, not mere cleanliness; Soma becomes the means to svar.", "etymology_highlights": "gātu (path/way); arepas (blemish/fault); svādhyāya (self-recitation/sacred study); svar (light/heaven)." }

Ritual Application
Academic Analysis
Symbolic Meaning
Musical Layer
Rigveda Source
Soma Ritual Context
Rishi Connection
Devata Aspects
Chandas Analysis
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Yogic Application
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