Rig Veda 8.20.16: Mandala 8, Sukta 20, Mantra 16
Sukta 8.20
Rishi: Sobharī Kāṇva (traditional attribution for RV 8.20, Kāṇva lineage)
Devata: Marutāḥ
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 8.20; verse-length and cadence align with common Marut hymns)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यस्य वा यूयं प्रति वाजिनो नर आ हव्या वीतये गथ । अभि ष द्युम्नैरुत वाजसातिभिः सुम्ना वो धूतयो नशत् ॥
Transliteration
yásya vā yūyáṃ práti vājíno nara ā́ havyā́ vītáye gáthā | abhí ṣá dyumnáir utá vā́jasātibhiḥ sumnā́ vo dhūtáyo naśat ||
Translation
汝らが誰に向かって応えて来臨するのか、疾駆する旅路の主たる勇者たちよ——供物を享受するために；その者の上に、汝らは光輝の力と充溢の勝利とともに降り立つ。汝らの喜ばしき祝福は彼に届く、迅き者たちよ。
Word by Word
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-
वाor/indeed
वा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (निपात)
यूयम्you (pl.)
यूयम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रतिtowards/against; in response to
प्रति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वाor/indeed
वा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (निपात)
वाजिनःO prize-winners/strong steeds; O vigorous ones
वाजिनः:
सम्बोधन/कर्तृ (सह-सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक) < वाज (strength/prize)
नरःO men/warriors
नरः:
सम्बोधन/कर्तृ (सह-सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
आhither; unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
हव्याoblations
हव्या:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहव्य (प्रातिपदिक) < √हु (to sacrifice, offer)
वीतयेfor enjoyment/for the feast (receiving)
वीतये:
सम्प्रदान (purpose/for)
TypeNoun
Rootवीति (प्रातिपदिक) < √वे/√वी (to pursue, enjoy, seek)
गथcome/go (hither)!
गथ:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गच्छति) with preverb आ-; Vedic injunctive/imperative-type form
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
षhe/that (one)
ष:
कर्तृ/निर्देशक
TypePronoun
Rootस (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → एष/स; enclitic Vedic form
द्युम्नैःwith splendors/with glorious powers
द्युम्नैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootद्युम्न (प्रातिपदिक)
उतand; also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात)
वाजसातिभिःwith prize-winnings/victories
वाजसातिभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootवाजसाति (प्रातिपदिक) < वाज + साति (< √सन्/√सा ‘to win, gain’)
सुम्नाःfavors, benevolences
सुम्नाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसुम्न (प्रातिपदिक)
वःof you / to you
वः:
सम्बन्ध/सम्प्रदान (to/for you)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
धूतयःimpulses/stirrings; invocations
धूतयः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootधूति (प्रातिपदिक) < √धू (to shake; to stir; ritual ‘impulse/instigation’)
नशत्may (it) reach/attain
नशत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√नश् (to reach, attain)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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