Rig Veda 3.55.16: Mandala 3, Sukta 55, Mantra 16
Sukta 3.55
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional)
Devata: Nourishing luminous powers (cows/rays) under the One sovereignty
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ धेनवो धुनयन्तामशिश्वीः सबर्दुघाः शशया अप्रदुग्धाः । नव्यानव्या युवतयो भवन्तीर्महद्देवानामसुरत्वमेकम् ॥
Transliteration
ā́ dhenávo dhunayantām áśiśvīḥ sabardúghāḥ śaśayā́ ápra-dugdhāḥ | návyā-navyā yuvatáyo bhávantīr mahád devānām asura-tvám ékam ||
Translation
牝牛たちよ、身を震わせて動き出せ――尽きぬもの、共に乳を搾り出すもの、いまだ搾り尽くされぬもの。新たにしてまた新たに、彼女らは幾度も若き乙女となる――これこそが神々の広大なる主権、ただ一つのアスラの威力である。
Word by Word
आforth; towards; up (preverb)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)
धेनवःthe milch-cows
धेनवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
धुनयन्ताम्let them shake; let them set in motion
धुनयन्ताम्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootधुन् (धातु) / धुनयति
अशिश्वीःunwearied; vigorous (lit. not failing)
अशिश्वीः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) / qualifier of धेनवः
TypeAdjective
Rootअशिश्वी (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic adj.)
सबर्दुघाःyielding milk with the (sabar-) accompaniment; richly milking
सबर्दुघाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) / qualifier of धेनवः
TypeAdjective
Rootसबर्दुघा (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic compound)
शशयाःswift; hastening
शशयाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) / qualifier of धेनवः
TypeAdjective
Rootशशया (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic adj.)
अप्रदुग्धाःunmilked; not yet milked
अप्रदुग्धाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) / qualifier of धेनवः
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-दुह् (धातु) → प्रदुग्ध (कृदन्त, भूतकृत्) + अ- (निषेध)
नव्याःnew; ever-new
नव्याः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) / qualifier of युवतयः
TypeAdjective
Rootनव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
नव्याःnew (again: ever-new)
नव्याः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootनव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
युवतयःyoung women; maidens
युवतयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootयुवती (प्रातिपदिक)
भवन्तीःbecoming; being
भवन्तीः:
— (with implied copula; predicative to युवतयः)
TypeVerb (participial form)
Rootभू (धातु) → भवन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ)
महत्great
महत्:
Karma / predicate-nominal (to asuratvam)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
देवानाम्of the gods
देवानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
असुरत्वम्lordship; asura-might (sovereign power)
असुरत्वम्:
Karma / predicate-nominal
TypeNoun
Rootअसुरत्व (प्रातिपदिक; abstract noun from असुर)
एकम्one; single
एकम्:
विशेषणम् (of असुरत्वम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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