Rig Veda 3.31.1: Mandala 3, Sukta 31, Mantra 1
Sukta 3.31
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (Kauśika) (traditional attribution for Maṇḍala 3; hymn 3.31 often associated with Viśvāmitra’s circle)
Devata: Agni (with esoteric family/cosmic relations imagery)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
शासद्वह्निर्दुहितुर्नप्त्यं गाद्विद्वाँ ऋतस्य दीधितिं सपर्यन् । पिता यत्र दुहितुः सेकमृञ्जन्त्सं शग्म्येन मनसा दधन्वे ॥
Transliteration
śā́sād váhniḥ duhitúr náptyaṃ gād vidvā́n ṛtásya dī́dhitiṃ saparyán | pitā́ yátra duhitúḥ sékam ṛñján sám śagmyéna mánasā dádhanve ||
Translation
運ぶ炎（vahni、アグニの火）は命を受けて進み、娘の親縁へと赴く。ṛta（宇宙の正理）の輝く思念を知り、それを敬い奉仕する。父のいますところで、彼らは娘の注ぎ出すものに色を添え、調え、和合の心によって結び合う。
Word by Word
शासत्he ruled / commanded
शासत्:
Kriyā (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootशास्
वह्निःthe bearer; Agni (as carrier)
वह्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवह्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
दुहितुःof the daughter
दुहितुः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootदुहितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
नप्त्यम्the grandson / descendant
नप्त्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनप्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
गात्he went / came
गात्:
Kriyā (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
विद्वान्knowing, wise
विद्वान्:
Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootविद् → विद्वस् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order / truth)
ऋतस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
दीधितिम्the shining thought / illumination
दीधितिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदीधिति (प्रातिपदिक)
सपर्यन्worshipping, serving
सपर्यन्:
Kartṛ (concomitant action)
TypeVerb
Rootसपर्य्
पिताthe father
पिता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (place/setting)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय)
दुहितुःof the daughter
दुहितुः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootदुहितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
सेकम्sprinkling; seed/seminal flow
सेकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसेक (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋञ्जन्त्anointing, smearing
ऋञ्जन्त्:
Kartā (concomitant action)
TypeVerb
Rootऋञ्ज्
सम्together, fully
सम्:
Upasarga (verbal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
शग्म्येनwith vigorous/efficient (power)
शग्म्येन:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootशग्म्य (प्रातिपदिक)
मनसाwith mind, by intention
मनसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
दधन्वेthe two set in motion / strove / directed themselves
दधन्वे:
Kriyā (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootधन्/धन्व् (Vedic; ‘to set in motion/urge/strive’, with reduplication द-धन्)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free Google sign-in keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.