Rig Veda 10.94.2 — Mandala 10, Sukta 94, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.94
Devata: Grāvāṇaḥ (pressing stones) in service of Indra/Soma
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एते वदन्ति शतवत्सहस्रवदभि क्रन्दन्ति हरितेभिरासभिः । विष्ट्वी ग्रावाणः सुकृतः सुकृत्यया होतुश्चित्पूर्वे हविरद्यमाशत ॥
Transliteration
etḗ vadanti śatávat sahásravat abhí krandanti háritebhir ā́sabhiḥ | viṣṭvī́ grā́vāṇaḥ su-kṛ́taḥ su-kṛ́tyayā hótuś cit pū́rve havíradyam āśata ||
Translation
これらは百に、千に語り、黄褐の口をもって周りに叫び立てる。よく作られた搾り石は、その正しい働きによって、古のホータル（Hotar）の食すべき供物にさえ到達した。
Word by Word
एतेthese (ones)
एते:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
वदन्तिthey speak / utter
वदन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वद् (वदति)
शतवत्as if by hundreds
शतवत्:
विशेषणम् (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (indeclinable-like in -वत् used adverbially)
Rootशत + वत् (taddhita -वत्)
सहस्रवत्as if by thousands
सहस्रवत्:
विशेषणम् (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (indeclinable-like in -वत् used adverbially)
Rootसहस्र + वत् (taddhita -वत्)
अभिtowards, against, upon
अभि:
क्रियाविशेषणम्
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (upasarga/preverb)
क्रन्दन्तिthey cry out / resound
क्रन्दन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√क्रन्द् (क्रन्दति)
हरितेभिःwith the tawny (horses)
हरितेभिः:
करण
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootहरित (prātipadika)
आसभिःwith their mouths
आसभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootआस (prātipadika)
विष्ट्वीhaving entered / having taken position
विष्ट्वी:
क्रियाविशेषणम्
TypeVerbal indeclinable (gerund)
Root√विष्/√विष्ट् (kṛdanta: absolutive/gerund in -त्वी)
ग्रावाणःpress-stones
ग्रावाणः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootग्रावन् (prātipadika)
सुकृतःwell-made / well-fashioned
सुकृतः:
विशेषणम् (कर्तृविशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (PPP)
Rootसु + √कृ (kṛdanta: past passive participle ‘सुकृत’)
सुकृत्ययाby (their) good workmanship / skill
सुकृत्यया:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootसुकृत्या (prātipadika)
होतुःof the Hotṛ-priest
होतुः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (prātipadika)
चित्even
चित्:
सम्बन्धक/निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (particle)
पूर्वेthe former ones / those of old
पूर्वे:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootपूर्व (prātipadika)
हविःoblation
हविः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (prātipadika)
अद्यम्today, now
अद्यम्:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (काल)
TypeIndeclinable (adverb)
Rootअद्य (avyaya) → adverbial accusative form ‘अद्यम्’
आशतthey attained / reached
आशत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√अश् (अश्नोति/अश्नाति) ‘to attain, reach’
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