Rig Veda 10.78.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 78, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.78
Devata: Maruts (hymn-level); described through Agni/Vāta/Soma analogies
Chandas: Jagatī/Triṣṭubh mixture possible; requires metrical verification
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अग्निर्न ये भ्राजसा रुक्मवक्षसो वातासो न स्वयुजः सद्यऊतयः । प्रज्ञातारो न ज्येष्ठाः सुनीतयः सुशर्माणो न सोमा ऋतं यते ॥
Transliteration
agnír na yé bhrā́jasā rukmá-vakṣaso vātā́so na sva-yújaḥ sadyá-ūtayaḥ | pra-jñātā́ro na jyéṣṭhāḥ su-nītáyaḥ su-śármāṇo na sómā ṛtáṃ yaté ||
Translation
アグニ（Agni）のように彼らは光輝に燃え、黄金の胸を帯びる。風（Vāta）のように自らを御し、ただちに助ける速き者である。長老の知者のように、善き導き（sunīti）によって導き、ソーマ（Soma）のように、喜びの護りとなってṛta（宇宙の正序）の道を進む。
Word by Word
अग्निःAgni (fire-god)
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
भ्राजसाwith radiance, by brilliance
भ्राजसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootभ्राजस्- (प्रातिपदिक; तेजस्)
रुक्मवक्षसःhaving golden breasts/chests
रुक्मवक्षसः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootरुक्म-वक्षस्- (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास; प्रातिपदिक)
वातासःwinds
वातासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवात- (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
स्वयुजःself-yoked, self-harnessed
स्वयुजः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व-युज्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्वयं युज्यन्ते’)
सद्यऊतयःhaving immediate help/protection; prompt aids
सद्यऊतयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसद्यः-ऊति- (समास; ऊति- ‘सहायता/रक्षा’)
प्रज्ञातारःknowers, discerners
प्रज्ञातारः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-ज्ञा-तृ- (कृदन्त; तृच् प्रत्यय; √ज्ञा ‘जान’)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
ज्येष्ठाःeldest, foremost
ज्येष्ठाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ- (प्रातिपदिक)
सुनीतयःgood guidances/leadings
सुनीतयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसु-नीति- (प्रातिपदिक)
सुशर्माणःof good shelter/protection
सुशर्माणः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-शर्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
सोमाःSoma-juices (Soma)
सोमाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसोम- (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतम्ṛta (truth/cosmic order)
ऋतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋत- (प्रातिपदिक)
यतेstrives, exerts (himself)
यते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√यत् (यतते) ‘प्रयत्न’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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