Sukta 190
Sukta 10.190
Cosmogonic principle (often addressed to the universal creative process; implicit Brahmanic/Ṛta principle rather than a single anthropomorphic deity)
この短い宇宙生成の讃歌は、創造が秩序正しく展開するさまをたどる。すなわち、タパス（創造の熱）からṚta（宇宙の法・正しい秩序）とSatya（真実）が生じ、ついで夜と宇宙の海が現れ、そこから昼夜を量る「年」が生まれる。結びでは、定める者Dhātṛが太陽と月を据え、天・地・中空・svahという重層の世界を確立し、宇宙が理解可能な秩序に基づくことを確認する。
Mantras
Mantra 1
ऋतं च सत्यं चाभीद्धात्तपसोऽध्यजायत । ततो रात्र्यजायत ततः समुद्रो अर्णवः ॥
苦行の熱（タパス）が燃え立つところより、秩序（リタ）と真実（サティヤ）が生まれた。そこから夜が生まれ、そこから大海—広大なる波濤—が生まれた。
Mantra 2
समुद्रादर्णवादधि संवत्सरो अजायत । अहोरात्राणि विदधद्विश्वस्य मिषतो वशी ॥
大海より、うねる洪水の淵より、年（サンヴァツァラ）が生まれた。彼—支配の力—は、動き出づるすべてのもののために、昼と夜とを配し定めた。
Mantra 3
सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ धाता यथापूर्वमकल्पयत् । दिवं च पृथिवीं चान्तरिक्षमथो स्वः ॥
造化者（Dhātṛ）は、最初の原型に従って太陽と月を整え置き、その座を定めた――天と地と中空（antarikṣa）、さらに光輝ある上界（svaḥ）を。
Frequently Asked Questions
It is a short creation hymn describing how cosmic order (ṛta) and truth (satya) arise from tapas, leading to night, the ocean, the year, and finally the ordered placement of sun, moon, and the worlds.
Dhātṛ means “the Ordainer” or “the Setter-in-place.” Here he represents the cosmic power that arranges the universe—especially time (day/night) and the stations of sun and moon.
Because the year symbolizes cosmic time and regularity. By saying the Year ‘was born’ and then arranged days and nights, the hymn teaches that creation becomes real to beings through rhythm, measure, and dependable order.
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