Shloka 39

युद्धाय रावणस्य निर्याणं तथा उत्पातदर्शनम्

Ravana’s Mobilization for War and the ظهور of Fatal Portents

Devanagari script

तेषांतुरथघोषेणराक्षसानांमहात्मनाम् ।वानराणामपिचमूर्युद्धायैवाभ्यवर्तत ।।6.96.39।।

Transliteration

teṣāṁ tu ratha-ghoṣeṇa rākṣasānāṁ mahātmanām |

vānarāṇām api ca mūr yuddhāyaivābhyavartata ||6.96.39||

Translation

偉大なる羅刹たちの戦車の轟きに応じて、ヴァーナラの軍勢もまた前進し、戦いのために陣を整えた。

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of those
• तेषाम्: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural); सर्वनाम (Pronoun)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/अन्वयार्थक (but/indeed)

• रथघोषेण: by the sound of chariots
• रथघोषेण: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ-घोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: रथस्य घोषः); पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (Singular); करण (instrument)

• राक्षसानाम्: of the Rakshasas
• राक्षसानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural)

• महात्मनाम्: great-souled
• महात्मनाम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय समास (महान् आत्मा यस्य); पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective) राक्षसानाम्

• वानराणाम्: of the Vanaras
• वानराणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural)

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle) समुच्चय/अपि-भाव (also/even)

• चमूः: the army
• चमूः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)

• युद्धाय: for battle
• युद्धाय: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Goal-Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन (Singular); प्रयोजन (purpose)

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis/only)

• अभ्यवर्तत: advanced/turned towards (to face)
• अभ्यवर्तत: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√वृत् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); आत्मनेपद; धातु: √वृत् (to turn/occur) उपसर्ग: अभि

Context

The Vanaras stood facing the great sound of Rakshasa troops, on hearing the sounds of chariots for the sake of battle.

Characters & Entities

• rākṣasa troops
• vānaras (monkey army)
• ratha (chariots)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as duty (svadharma) is shown through readiness to protect righteousness: the vānaras respond in disciplined solidarity when threatened.

What is the narrative situation?

As the rākṣasa forces approach with chariots, the vānaras advance and take positions, signaling the battle’s immediate beginning.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courage and commitment to a righteous cause—standing firm and moving forward together rather than scattering in fear.