Shloka 52

Sarga 93: Rāvaṇa’s Grief and Fury after Indrajit’s Fall; Move to Slay Vaidehī and Ministerial Restraint

Devanagari script

अथवातौनरव्याघ्रौभ्रातरौरामलक्ष्मणौ ।मन्निमित्तमनार्येणसमरेऽद्यनिपातितौ ।।।।

Transliteration

athavā tau naravyāghrau bhrātarau rāmalakṣmaṇau |

mannimittam anāryeṇa samare 'dya nipātitau ||

Translation

「あるいは、虎のような二人の兄弟、ラーマとラクシュマナは、私のせいで、今日あの卑劣な者によって戦場で倒されてしまったのでしょうか？」

Word by Word

• aho: alas/oh
• aho: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Exclamation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: aho (अव्यय)
• Form: विस्मयादि-सूचक अव्यय (interjection)

• dhik: shame!
• dhik: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Exclamation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dhik (अव्यय)
• Form: निन्दार्थक अव्यय (imprecation)

• mat-nimittaḥ: caused by me
• mat-nimittaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + nimitta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘मम निमित्तः’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying vināśaḥ)

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• vināśaḥ: destruction
• vināśaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vināśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• rāja-putrayoḥ: of the two princes
• rāja-putrayoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘राज्ञः पुत्रौ’; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, द्विवचन

• athavā: or else
• athavā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: athavā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक अव्यय

• putra-śokena: by grief for (his) son
• putra-śokena: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक) + śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष: ‘पुत्रस्य शोकः’; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• ahatyā: without killing (them)
• ahatyā: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Means-manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a-hatyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘अहत्या’ = ‘not killing/without killing’ (instrumental of manner)

• rāma-lakṣmaṇau: Rama and Lakshmana
• rāma-lakṣmaṇau: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक) + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन

• vidhamiṣyati: will strike down/crush
• vidhamiṣyati: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√dham (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: एकवचन, द्वितीया

• raudraḥ: fierce
• raudraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: raudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying rākṣasaḥ)

• rākṣasaḥ: the rākṣasa
• rākṣasaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• pāpa-niścayaḥ: of evil resolve
• pāpa-niścayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक) + niścaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: ‘पापः निश्चयः यस्य’ (evil resolve) as descriptive compound; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणवत् (qualifying rākṣasaḥ)

Context

Coming to senses after a long time, the Rakshasa king Ravana, dejected with sorrow of his son's death, lost senses, lamented.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rāvaṇa (implied by anārya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Compassion and responsibility: Sītā’s dharmic heart fears harm to others ‘because of her,’ revealing concern beyond self-preservation.

What is the narrative situation?

Amid imminent threat, Sītā worries that Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa might have fallen in battle due to the conflict caused by her abduction.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Selfless concern and loyalty—Sītā’s mind turns to the safety of Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa even while she herself is endangered.