Shloka 10

त्र्यशीतितमः सर्गः (Sarga 83)

Hanumān Reports Sītā’s ‘Slaying’; Rāma Collapses; Lakṣmaṇa’s Counter-Discourse on Dharma and Artha

Devanagari script

तस्यतद्वचनंश्रुत्वाराघवश्शोकमूर्चितः ।निपपाततदाभूमौछिन्नमूलंइवद्रुमः ।।6.83.10।।

Transliteration

tasya tad-vacanaṃ śrutvā rāghavaḥ śokamūrcitaḥ | nipapāta tadā bhūmau chinnamūlaṃ iva drumaḥ ||

Translation

その言葉を聞くと、ラाघヴァは悲しみに打ちひしがれ、気を失うようにして、根を断たれた木のごとく地に倒れた。

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; qualifies vacanam

• वचनम्: speech/words
• वचनम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: पूर्वकाल (Prior action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: श्रु (धातु) + त्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund): ‘having heard’

• राघवः: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/कर्ता), एकवचन

• शोकमूर्चितः: faint with grief
• शोकमूर्चितः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक) + मूर्चित (मूर्छ्-धातु+क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; तृतीया/सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषार्थ: शोकात् मूर्चितः (fainted due to grief)

• निपपात: fell down
• निपपात: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि+पत् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• तदा: then
• तदा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालार्थक-अव्यय (then)

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• छिन्नमूलम्: with roots cut
• छिन्नमूलम्: उपमान (Standard of comparison)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: छिन्न (छिद्-धातु+क्त) + मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: छिन्नं मूलं यस्य/यत्

• इव: like
• इव: उपमान-सम्बन्ध (Comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानार्थक-अव्यय (like/as)

• द्रुमः: a tree
• द्रुमः: उपमान (Standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; upamāna-vācaka

Context

On hearing, Hanuman's words Raghava became deluded in sorrow and fell on the ground like a tree cut at the root.

Characters & Entities

• Rāghava (Rāma)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is not portrayed as emotionless; even the righteous can be shaken by sorrow, yet the narrative prepares for a return to duty through support and counsel.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma receives distressing news (implied by the context) and collapses from grief.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Deep compassion and attachment to loved ones—Rāma’s tenderness coexists with his dharmic role.