Shloka 16

निकुम्भवधः — The Slaying of Nikumbha

Hanuman’s Duel

Devanagari script

ततःपुस्फोटचर्मास्यप्रसुस्राव च शोणितम् ।।।।मुष्टिनातेनसञ्जज्ञेमेघेविद्युदिवोत्थिता ।

Transliteration

tataḥ pusphoṭa carmāsya prasusrāva ca śoṇitam |

muṣṭinā tena sañjajñe meghe vidyud ivotthitā ||

Translation

すると彼の皮膚は裂け、血が流れ出した。その拳の一撃は、まるで雲から稲妻が閃くかのように見えた。

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (adverb of time: "then")

• पुस्फोट: burst/split
• पुस्फोट: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्फुट् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परस्मैपद, perfect); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• चर्म: skin
• चर्म: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• अस्य: of him
• अस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• प्रसुस्राव: flowed forth
• प्रसुस्राव: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√स्रु (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परस्मैपद, perfect); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• शोणितम्: blood
• शोणितम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोणित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• मुष्टिना: with the fist
• मुष्टिना: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन

• तेन: by him/with that
• तेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन

• सञ्जज्ञे: arose/appeared
• सञ्जज्ञे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-√जन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (आत्मनेपद, perfect); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• मेघे: in a cloud
• मेघे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• विद्युत्: lightning
• विद्युत्: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्युत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इव: like
• इव: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमावाचक (particle of comparison)

• उत्थिता: risen
• उत्थिता: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-√स्था (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle, active sense here); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विद्युत्-विशेषण

Context

By that blow, Nikumbha was not moved. Recovering from that he caught hold of Hanuman of extraordinary strength.

Characters & Entities

• Nikumbha
• Hanumān
• megha (cloud)
• vidyut (lightning)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores karmic consequence within battle: harmful intent meets an answering force; dharma protects its agents while adharma brings suffering.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān’s punch wounds Nikumbha; blood flows and is poetically compared to lightning in a cloud.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Pratāpa (overwhelming might): Hanumān’s strength is depicted as swift and impactful.