Shloka 17
त्रिशिरा-प्रबोधनम् तथा नरान्तक-वधः
Trisira’s Counsel and the Slaying of Naranthaka
Devanagari script
तेऽभिवाद्यमहात्मानंरावणंरिपुरावणम् ।कृत्वाप्रदक्षिणंचैवमहाकायाःप्रतस्थिरे ।।।।
Transliteration
te 'bhivādya mahātmānaṃ rāvaṇaṃ ripurāvaṇam | kṛtvā pradakṣiṇaṃ caiva mahākāyāḥ pratasthire || 6.69.17 ||
Translation
巨躯の戦士たちは、敵を震え上がらせるラーヴァナに敬礼し、さらに恭しく右繞してから、出陣した。
Word by Word
तेthey
ते:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
अभिवाद्यhaving saluted
अभिवाद्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Adverbial)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि+√वद् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having saluted’
महात्मानम्great-souled
महात्मानम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival modifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (महान् आत्मा यस्य) used adjectivally for ‘रावणम्’
रावणम्Ravana
रावणम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of ‘अभिवाद्य’)
TypeNoun
Rootरावण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
रिपुरावणम्destroyer of enemies
रिपुरावणम्:
समानााधिकरण (Apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु + रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (रिपूणां रावणः) epithet in apposition to ‘रावणम्’
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Adverbial)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having done’
प्रदक्षिणम्circumambulation
प्रदक्षिणम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of ‘कृत्वा’)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘circumambulation’ (object of ‘कृत्वा’)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed
एव:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-निपात (particle of emphasis)
महाकायाःhuge-bodied
महाकायाः:
विशेषण (Adjectival modifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाकाय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (महान् कायः) used as adjective of ‘ते’
प्रतस्थिरेset out, departed
प्रतस्थिरे:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+√स्था (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
Context
Those heroes greeting gigantic Ravana, went around him clockwise (as per tradition) and departed.
Characters & Entities
R
RāvaṇaFAQs
It shows maryādā (formal respect and ritual conduct); dharma includes proper observances—but the epic distinguishes outer propriety from inner righteousness.
Rāvaṇa’s men honor him with salutations and pradakṣiṇā before leaving for battle.
Loyalty and discipline within a hierarchy, expressed through traditional gestures of respect.