Shloka 118

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

तस्यरामेणविद्धस्यसहसाभिप्रधावतः ।अङ्गालमिश्राःक्रुद्धस्यमुखान्निश्चेरुरर्चिषः ।।।।

Transliteration

tasya rāmeṇa viddhasya sahasābhipradhāvataḥ | aṅgāra-miśrāḥ kruddhasya mukhān niścerur arciṣaḥ ||

Translation

憤怒に駆られて俄かに突進したその者はラーマに射抜かれ、口からは燃える炭を交えた炎が噴き出した。

Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• rāmeṇa: by Rama
• rāmeṇa: Kartṛ/Hetu (कर्ता/हेतु) in passive sense with viddhasya
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• viddhasya: of (him) who was pierced
• viddhasya: Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vyadh (व्यध्) (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kta-participle, Masculine, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; qualifies tasya

• sahasā: suddenly/at once
• sahasā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय)
• Form: Prakāra-avyaya (manner adverb)

• abhipradhāvataḥ: of (him) rushing forward
• abhipradhāvataḥ: Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: abhi-pra-dhāv (धाव्) (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ) in genitive singular: Masculine, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; qualifies tasya

• aṅgāla-miśrāḥ: mixed with embers
• aṅgāla-miśrāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aṅgāra (प्रातिपदिक) + miśra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: tatpuruṣa ‘mixed with embers’; Feminine, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; qualifies arciṣaḥ

• kruddhasya: of the enraged (one)
• kruddhasya: Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: krudh (क्रुध्) (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kta-participle, Masculine, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; qualifies tasya

• mukhāt: from the mouth
• mukhāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Pañcamī (5th/पञ्चमी), Ekavacana

• niśceruḥ: came out/shot forth
• niśceruḥ: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: nis-car (चर्) (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Bahuvacana

• arciṣaḥ: flames
• arciṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) of niśceruḥ
• Type: Noun
• Root: arciṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

Context

As Rama hit in anger, at once fire mixed with flames shot forth from Kumbhakarna's mouth.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kumbhakarṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Unchecked anger (krodha) manifests destructively; the epic repeatedly treats krodha as a moral danger that blinds judgement and accelerates downfall.

What is the narrative situation?

After being hit by Rāma, Kumbhakarṇa surges forward in rage, emitting fiery flames from his mouth.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s effectiveness in battle; conversely, Kumbhakarṇa’s rage is shown as his dominating trait.