Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 65, Shloka 8

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम्

Kumbhakarna’s Departure for Battle

Devanagari script

एषनिर्याम्यहंयुद्धमुद्यतश्शत्रुनिर्जये ।दुर्नयंभवतामद्यसमीकर्तुंमिहाहवे ।।।।

Transliteration

eṣa niryāmy ahaṃ yuddham udyataḥ śatrunirjaye | durnayaṃ bhavatām adya samīkartuṃ miha āhave ||

Translation

ゆえに今、我は戦へと出る。敵を討ち滅ぼす覚悟で、この合戦のただ中にて、お前たちの誤った策を償い、正してみせよう。

Word by Word

• eṣaḥ: I (this one)
• eṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; deictic 'this (one)'

• niryāmi: I go out/set forth
• niryāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nir-√yā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; परस्मैपदी

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• yuddham: to battle
• yuddham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; गन्तव्य/उद्देश्य (towards battle)

• udyataḥ: ready/raised
• udyataḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: udyata (कृदन्त, ud-√yam)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; predicate adjective of aham/eṣaḥ

• śatru-nirjaye: for the complete defeat of enemies
• śatru-nirjaye: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatru (प्रातिपदिक) + nirjaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुष (शत्रूणां निर्जयः)

• durnayam: misconduct/bad strategy
• durnayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durnaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; दुष्-तत्पुरुष (bad policy/misconduct)

• bhavatām: of you
• bhavatām: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; 'of you (hon.)'

• adya: today
• adya: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय

• samīkartum: to rectify
• samīkartum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√kṛ (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive): 'to set right/bring to equality'

• iha: here
• iha: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (here)

• āhave: in battle
• āhave: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण

Context

"I am setting out in this manner to the battlefield, to overpower the enemies in the battle in order to redeem the mistakes done by all of you."

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• śatru (the enemies—Rāma’s side)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Accountability: Kumbhakarṇa frames entering battle as a way to rectify collective wrongdoing and bear consequences, reflecting a warrior’s sense of duty and responsibility.

What is the narrative situation?

After counsel and deliberation in Laṅkā, Kumbhakarṇa declares he will go out to fight the enemy forces to compensate for the errors of Rāvaṇa’s side.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Resolve and duty (kṣātra-dharma): a determined willingness to act decisively and accept the burden of setting things right through action.