Shloka 35

कुम्भकर्णोपदेशः

Kumbhakarna’s Counsel and War-Boast to Ravana

Devanagari script

अद्यपश्यमहाबाहो मयासमरमूर्धनि ।हतेरामेसहभ्रात्राद्रवन्तींहरिवाहिनीम् ।।6.63.35।।

Transliteration

adya paśya mahābāho mayā samaramūrdhani |

hate rāme saha bhrātrā dravantīṃ harivāhinīm || 6.63.35 ||

Translation

見よ、強き腕の者よ。戦のただ中、その頂にて、我がラーマを兄弟もろとも討ち果たせば、ヴァーナラの軍勢が逃げ散るのを汝は見るであろう。

Word by Word

• adya: today/now
• adya: Kāla-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• paśya: see
• paśya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• mahābāho: O mighty-armed one
• mahābāho: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahābāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि: mahā + bāhu (one whose arms are great)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• samara-mūrdhani: on the battle-front
• samara-mūrdhani: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samara (प्रातिपदिक) + mūrdhan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी/सप्तमी-समास sense): 'on the head/front of battle'

• hate: when (he) is slain
• hate: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); agreeing with rāme; locative absolute-like usage

• rāme: when Rama is (slain)
• rāme: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahārtha (सहार्थ/association)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Prepositional indeclinable (सह-योगे अव्यय) governing instrumental

• bhrātrā: with (his) brother
• bhrātrā: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• dravantīm: fleeing/running away
• dravantīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dravat (धातु √dru/drav 'to run')
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying harivāhinīm

• harivāhinīm: the monkey-army
• harivāhinīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक) + vāhinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'army of monkeys'

Context

" At this time, you will see a relation doing that which is right out of affection. All enemies will be destroyed."

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Vānara army (harivāhinī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse illustrates martial confidence, but also serves as a contrast within the epic: dharma is not merely power or victory-claims, but alignment with righteous cause and truth.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa attempts to reassure Rāvaṇa by predicting (and boasting of) killing Rāma and routing the vānara forces.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fearlessness (though mixed with overconfidence), presented as a motivating force for a shaken ruler.