Shloka 10

कुम्भकर्णदर्शनम्

The Appearance of Kumbhakarna and the Account of His Might

Devanagari script

एतेनदेवायुधिदानवाश्चयक्षाभुजङ्गाःपिशिताशनाश्च ।गन्धर्वविद्याधरकिन्नरैश्चसहस्रशोराघवसम्प्रभग्नाः ।।6.61.10।।

Transliteration

etena devā yudhi dānavāś ca yakṣā bhujaṅgāḥ piśitāśanāś ca |

gandharva-vidyādhara-kinnaraiś ca sahasraśo rāghava samprabhagnāḥ ||

Translation

「この者によって、ラグハヴァよ、戦場にて天神とダーナヴァ、ヤクシャ、蛇族、肉を食らう者ども、さらにガンダルヴァ、ヴィディヤーダラ、キンナラまでもが、幾千とことごとく打ち破られた。」

Word by Word

• एतेन: by him
• एतेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc/Neut), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम

• देवाः: gods
• देवाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• युधि: in battle
• युधि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• दानवाः: Dānavas
• दानवाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (and)

• यक्षाः: Yakṣas
• यक्षाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• भुजङ्गाः: serpents (Nāgas)
• भुजङ्गाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुजङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• पिशिताशनाः: flesh-eaters; ogres
• पिशिताशनाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिशित (प्रातिपदिक) + अशन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (and)

• गन्धर्व-विद्याधर-किन्नरैः: together with Gandharvas, Vidyādharas, and Kinnaras
• गन्धर्व-विद्याधर-किन्नरैः: Sahakari (सहकारी/सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + विद्याधर (प्रातिपदिक) + किन्नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (copulative)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (and)

• सहस्रशः: by thousands
• सहस्रशः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहस्रशस् (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण/प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: 'by thousands')

• राघव: O Rāghava
• राघव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative/8th), एकवचन (Singular)

• सम्प्रभग्नाः: were utterly defeated
• सम्प्रभग्नाः: Kriya (क्रिया/परिणाम)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-प्र-भञ्ज् (धातु) → भग्न (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle)

Context

"O Raghava! In war Devas, Danavas, Yakshas, Nagas, ogres, Gandharvas, Vidydharas, Kinneras in thousands were defeated by him."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Kumbhakarṇa (implied by 'etena')
• Devas
• Dānavas
• Yakṣas
• Gandharvas
• Vidyādharas
• Kinnaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes wise counsel and truthful assessment of danger; accurate speech (satya) helps a righteous leader act effectively without arrogance.

What is the narrative situation?

A counselor warns Rāma of Kumbhakarṇa’s immense battlefield record—defeating even celestial classes of beings.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and truthfulness in counsel—informing action while remaining committed to the righteous cause.