Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 47

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

ततस्सहस्रंभेरीणांयुगसत्समहन्यत ।।।।मृष्टकाञ्चनकोणानामासक्तानांसमन्ततः ।

Transliteration

tatas sahasraṃ bherīṇāṃ yugasat samahanyata |

mṛṣṭakāñcanakoṇānām āsaktānāṃ samantataḥ ||

Translation

そして千の戦太鼓が集められ、磨かれた黄金の先端を持つ撥で、四方八方から絶え間なく打ち鳴らされた。

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय; temporal adverb "then/thereupon"

• सहस्रम्: a thousand
• सहस्रम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; here as subject with passive verb: Nominative singular

• भेरीणाम्: of drums
• भेरीणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भेरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; Genitive plural

• युगसत्: for a very long time (yuga-like)
• युगसत्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युग + सत् (प्रातिपदिक; सत् = अस् धातोः शतृ/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; agrees with सहस्रम्; "equal to a yuga/age" (very long/continuous)

• समहन्यत: was beaten/struck
• समहन्यत: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-हन् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; passive/impersonal sense "was struck"

• मृष्टकाञ्चनकोणानाम्: of (drums) with polished golden fittings
• मृष्टकाञ्चनकोणानाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृष्ट + काञ्चन + कोण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Genitive plural; qualifies (भेरीणाम्) as "having polished golden corners/knobs"

• आसक्तानाम्: fastened/attached
• आसक्तानाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ-सञ्ज् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Genitive plural; "attached/fastened"

• समन्ततः: everywhere
• समन्ततः: Deśa (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; स्थान-अव्यय "on all sides/everywhere"

Context

Then was collected a thousand drums and beaten with polished gold sticks on all sides continuously.

Characters & Entities

• Rākṣasas
• War-drums (bherī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse shows disciplined mobilization in war; ethically, it points to organized collective action (though used for adharma in Laṅkā’s cause), contrasting later with Rāma’s dharmic leadership.

What is the narrative situation?

Failing with direct physical attempts, the rākṣasas intensify the effort by beating large numbers of drums around Kumbhakarṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Strategic persistence—changing methods to achieve an urgent objective.