Shloka 11

अकम्पन-प्रेषणम् तथा कपि-राक्षस-रणवर्णनम्

Akampana Dispatched; The Vanara–Rakshasa Battle and Omens

Devanagari script

अभवत्सुदिनेकालेदुर्दिनंरूक्षमारुतम् ।।।।ऊचुःखगमृगाःसर्वेवाचःक्रूराभयावहाः ।

Transliteration

abhavat sudine kāle durdinaṃ rūkṣa-mārutam |

ūcuḥ khaga-mṛgāḥ sarve vācaḥ krūrā bhayāvahāḥ ||6.55.11||

Translation

もとは明るく吉き時であったのに、日は暗くなり、風は荒々しく吹きすさんだ。あまねく鳥獣は、残酷で恐るべき声を発した。

Word by Word

• abhavat: became
• abhavat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• sudine: on a fair day
• sudine: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sudina (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरण

• kāle: at a time
• kāle: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरण

• durdinam: a gloomy day
• durdinam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durdina (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र कर्तृवत् (that which became)

• rūkṣamārutam: a harsh wind
• rūkṣamārutam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rūkṣa-māruta (प्रातिपदिक; रूक्ष + मारुत)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'रूक्षः मारुतः'

• ūcuḥ: uttered/cried
• ūcuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• khagamṛgāḥ: birds and beasts
• khagamṛgāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khaga-mṛga (प्रातिपदिक; खग + मृग)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वः (birds and beasts)

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (खगमृगाः)

• vācaḥ: words/cries
• vācaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāc (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्म (object of ūcuḥ)

• krūrāḥ: cruel
• krūrāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: krūra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (वाचः)

• bhayāvahāḥ: fear-bringing
• bhayāvahāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhaya-āvaha (प्रातिपदिक; भय + आवह)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (वाचः); 'भयम् आवहन्ति'

Context

At a time on a good day of fine weather, it became cloudy, birds and beasts were making frightening cries all over.

Characters & Entities

• Birds (khaga)
• Beasts (mṛga)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Nature’s disturbance mirrors moral disturbance: when conflict escalates beyond righteousness, the world itself seems to protest—inviting leaders to re-examine motives and methods.

What is the narrative situation?

As the battle context intensifies, ominous environmental changes and animal cries appear as portents.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Attentiveness to warnings and humility before cosmic order (ṛta/dharma) are implied as the proper response.