Shloka 38

चतुश्चत्वारिंशः सर्गः (Sarga 44): निशायुद्धम्, धूलिरुधिरप्रवाहः, इन्द्रजितो मायायुद्धम्

Devanagari script

तेनतौपुरुषव्याघ्रौक्रुद्धेनाशीविषैश्शरैः ।।।।सहसानिहतौवीरौतदाप्रैक्षन्तवानराः ।

Transliteration

tena tau puruṣavyāghrau kruddhenāśīviṣaiḥ śaraiḥ |

sahasā nihatau vīrau tadā praikṣanta vānarāḥ ||

Translation

そのときヴァーナラたちは、人中の虎たる二人の勇士が、彼の怒りより放たれた毒蛇のごとき矢により、たちまち打ち倒されたのを見た。

Word by Word

• tena: by him/thereby
• tena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; pronoun (सर्वनाम)

• tau: those two
• tau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual; pronoun (सर्वनाम)

• puruṣa-vyāghrau: the two tiger-like men
• puruṣa-vyāghrau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + vyāghra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual; तत्पुरुष: 'men among whom (they are) tigers' (श्रेष्ठार्थे)

• kruddhena: by the enraged (one)
• kruddhena: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: krudh (धातु) → kruddha (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; past participle (क्त) used adjectivally

• āśīviṣaiḥ: like venomous serpents
• āśīviṣaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āśīviṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; used as simile-adjective

• śaraiḥ: with arrows
• śaraiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural

• sahasā: suddenly/forcibly
• sahasā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

• nihatau: struck down
• nihatau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: han (धातु) → nihata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual; past participle (क्त)

• vīrau: the two heroes
• vīrau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kālādhi karaṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Temporal adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• praikṣanta: they beheld/saw
• praikṣanta: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: īkṣ (धातु) + pra-
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural; parasmaipada

• vānarāḥ: the vanaras
• vānarāḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

Context

The mighty strong Vanaras, terribly angry at the Rakshasas sprang up to the sky, and tore with their sharp teeth, the horses of Rakshasas decked with golden ornaments pervading like fire in the battle.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Vānaras
• Rāvaṇi (Indrajit/Meghanāda)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A dharmic community responds to the suffering of the righteous with concern and support; the vānaras’ witnessing sets the stage for loyal aid rather than despair.

What is the narrative situation?

The vānaras see Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa suddenly overpowered by Indrajit’s serpent-like arrows.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Solidarity and devotion (bhakti/niṣṭhā) of the vānaras is implied—standing with Rāma even when events turn dire.