Shloka 65

युद्धलक्षण-निमित्तदर्शनं तथा लङ्काद्वारव्यूहः

War Omens and the Encirclement of Lanka’s Gates

Devanagari script

तस्यदण्डधरस्तेऽहंदाराहरकर्शितः ।दण्डंधारयमाणस्तुलङ्काद्वारेव्यवस्थितः ।।6.41.65।।

Transliteration

tasya daṇḍadharas te 'haṃ dārāharakarśitaḥ |

daṇḍaṃ dhārayamāṇas tu laṅkādvāre vyavasthitaḥ ||6.41.65||

Translation

妻を奪われて苦しむこの我は、ラṅカーの門前に立ち、汝を罰する者として、汝のために刑罰の杖を携えている。

Word by Word

• बलेन: by force
• बलेन: करण (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

• येन: by which
• येन: करण (करण/Instrument—relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बलेन/मायया इत्यस्य सम्बन्धि (relative)

• वै: indeed
• वै: सम्बन्ध (वाक्यसम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• सीताम्: Sītā
• सीताम्: कर्म (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• मायया: by deception/illusion
• मायया: करण (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

• राक्षसाधम: O worst of rākṣasas
• राक्षसाधम: सम्बोधन (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षसाधम (प्रातिपदिक: राक्षस + अधम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• अतिक्रामयित्वा: having deceived/overreached
• अतिक्रामयित्वा: पूर्वकाल (क्रियाविशेषण/पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-क्रम् (धातु, णिच् causative)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund) of causative stem; अव्ययभाव; ‘having made (me) overstep/ having deceived’

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• हृतवान्: having abducted/taken away
• हृतवान्: कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु)
• Form: क्तवतु-प्रत्ययान्त (Perfect active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; त्वम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्म (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• विदर्शय: show (it)
• विदर्शय: क्रिया (आज्ञार्थक/Main imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-दृश् (धातु, causative/णिच्)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद; मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन

Context

"You, who have abducted my wife, I will punish you with a rod of punishment. I am your chastiser, O king of Lanka I have taken position."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā
• Laṅkā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Daṇḍa (just punishment) is presented as a duty of righteous kingship and kṣatriya-dharma: wrongdoing—especially the violation of another’s household—demands lawful chastisement.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma declares himself the enforcer of punishment, confronting Rāvaṇa at Laṅkā as the wronged husband and rightful agent of justice.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Resolve joined with righteousness: Rāma’s personal suffering is disciplined into a principled commitment to punish adharma.