Shloka 13

सुवेलारोहणं रावण-सुग्रीव-नियुद्धम्

Ascent of Suvela and the Ravana–Sugriva Duel

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त्वोत्थायतंक्षिप्रंबाहुभ्यामाक्षिपत्तले ।कन्तुवत्तंसमुत्थायबाहुभ्यामाक्षिपद्धरि ।।।।

Transliteration

ity uktvotthāya taṃ kṣipraṃ bāhubhyām ākṣipat tale |

kantuvat taṃ samutthāya bāhubhyām ākṣipad dhariḥ ||

Translation

そう言って立ち上がり、両腕でたちまち彼を地に投げつけた。だがヴァーナラは球のように跳ね起き、両腕で返すがごとく相手を投げ伏せた。

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: सम्बन्ध (Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: इत्यादि-निपात (quotative particle): "thus"

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु) + क्त्वा (क्त्वान्त/Absolutive)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive): "having said"

• उत्थाय: having risen
• उत्थाय: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-स्था (धातु) + ल्यप् (ल्यबन्त/Absolutive)
• Form: ल्यबन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund): "having risen"

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• क्षिप्रम्: quickly
• क्षिप्रम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्षिप्रम् (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb): "quickly"

• बाहुभ्याम्: with (his) two arms
• बाहुभ्याम्: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), द्विवचन (Dual)

• आक्षिपत्: threw/dashed
• आक्षिपत्: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-क्षिप् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्

• तले: on the ground/surface
• तले: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular); स्थानार्थे

• कन्तु: a ball
• कन्तु: उपमान (Upamāna/Standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रातिपदिक-रूपेण उपमान-पूर्वपद (in कन्तु-वत्); अर्थे: "ball"

• वत्: like
• वत्: सम्बन्ध (Comparison marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वत् (तद्धित-प्रत्यय; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः)
• Form: उपमा-प्रत्यय/अव्ययवत् (comparative suffix used adverbially): "like"

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• समुत्थाय: having sprung up
• समुत्थाय: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उत्-स्था (धातु) + ल्यप् (ल्यबन्त/Absolutive)
• Form: ल्यबन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund): "having risen up"

• बाहुभ्याम्: with (his) two arms
• बाहुभ्याम्: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), द्विवचन (Dual)

• आक्षिपत्: threw/dashed
• आक्षिपत्: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-क्षिप् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्

• हरिः: the monkey (Sugriva)
• हरिः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); अत्र वानरः

Context

Telling like that that Ravana got up and threw Sugriva by his hand s to the ground. Then Sugriva getting up like a ball fallen pushed Ravana down.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa (implied)
• Sugrīva (hari/dhari by context)
• Vānara

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in battle includes steadfastness: even when struck down, the righteous ally does not abandon the cause but rises and continues the struggle.

What is the narrative situation?

The fight turns into grappling and throwing—Rāvaṇa throws Sugrīva down, and Sugrīva immediately rebounds and counters.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s resilience and spirited perseverance under pressure.