Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 9

लङ्कादुर्गवर्णनम्

Description of Lanka’s Fortifications and Forces

Devanagari script

राक्षसाश्चयथास्निग्धारावणस्यचतेजसा ।परांसमृद्धिंलङ्कायास्सागरस्यचभीमताम् ।।6.3.8।।विभागंचबलौघस्यनिर्देशंवाहनस्यच ।एवमुक्त्वाकपिश्रेष्ठःकथयामासतत्त्ववित: ।।6.3.9।।

Transliteration

vibhāgaṃ ca balaughasya nirdēśaṃ vāhanasya ca |

evam uktvā kapiśreṣṭhaḥ kathayāmāsa tattvavit ||6.3.9||

Translation

さらに軍勢の区分と、乗り物・運搬具の配置をも説き明かした。そう語り終えると、真理を知る猿たちの最勝者は、詳しく物語り始めた。

Word by Word

• राक्षसाः: rakshasas
• राक्षसाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/qualifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान/प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: 'as/just as')

• स्निग्धाः: affectionate, devoted
• स्निग्धाः: Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्निग्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying राक्षसाः)

• रावणस्य: of Ravana
• रावणस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• तेजसा: by (his) power/splendour
• तेजसा: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• पराम्: supreme, excellent
• पराम्: Karma (कर्म/object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying समृद्धिम्)

• समृद्धिम्: prosperity, abundance
• समृद्धिम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समृद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• लङ्कायाः: of Lanka
• लङ्कायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लङ्का (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• सागरस्य: of the ocean
• सागरस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सागर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• भीमताम्: terribleness, dreadfulness
• भीमताम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; भाववाचक (abstract noun: 'terribleness')

Context

"While smitten by the monkeys, offering salutation with folded hands, and pleading for protection from Raghava, luckily, I am alive."

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman (kapiśreṣṭha)
• Rama (implied listener)
• Army (balaugha)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in counsel is completeness and accuracy—truthful, structured information supports just decisions and reduces unnecessary suffering.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration frames Hanuman’s systematic report, including organization of forces and logistical details.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truth-knowledge (tattvavit) and method—Hanuman’s report is orderly and reality-based.