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Shloka 2

विभीषण–इन्द्रजित् संवादः

Vibhishana and Indrajit: Counsel, Boast, and Rebuttal

Devanagari script

किंनामतेतातकनिष्ठवाक्यमनर्थकंचेवेसुबसुभीतवच्च ।अस्मिन्कुलेयोऽपिभवेन्नजातस्सोऽपीदृशंनैववदेन्नकुर्यात् ।।6.15.2।।

Transliteration

kiṃ nāma te tāta-kaniṣṭha vākyam anarthakaṃ caiva su-bhītavat ca | asmin kule yo 'pi bhaven na jātaḥ so 'pīdṛśaṃ naiva vaden na kuryāt ||6.15.2||

Translation

「父の弟なる叔父よ、何ゆえそのような無益の言葉を、怯えた者のごとく口にするのか。たとえ我らの家に生まれぬ者であっても、かくも不相応なことは言わず、また行わぬ。」

Word by Word
किम्what
किम्:
कर्म (object, interrogative)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन (interrogative pronoun; neuter; nominative/accusative singular)
नामindeed / pray / on earth
नाम:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (emphatic particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (particle used for emphasis/astonishment)
तेyour / of you
ते:
सम्बन्ध (possessor/related-to)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी विभक्ति; एकवचन (pronoun; genitive singular)
तातdear sir / dear one
तात:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन विभक्ति; एकवचन (masculine; vocative singular; term of address)
कनिष्ठवाक्यम्the speech of a younger (person)
कनिष्ठवाक्यम्:
कर्ता/विषय (subject/topic: ‘the speech’)
TypeNoun
Rootकनिष्ठ + वाक्य (प्रातिपदिके) (components: कनिष्ठ ‘younger’ + वाक्य ‘speech’)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; nominative singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—‘कनिष्ठस्य वाक्यम्’ (genitive tatpurusha)
अनर्थकम्meaningless / purposeless
अनर्थकम्:
विशेषण (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनर्थक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; nominative singular); विशेषणम् (qualifies ‘कनिष्ठवाक्यम्’)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
एवindeed / just
एव:
अवधारण (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण-निपात (emphatic/limiting particle)
सुबसभीतवत्like one very frightened
सुबसभीतवत्:
विशेषण (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुब + सभीतवत् (प्रातिपदिके) (components: सुब ‘well/very’ (intensifier) + सभीतवत् ‘like one frightened’)
Formअव्ययपूर्वक-कर्मधारयः; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; nominative singular); विशेषणम् (qualifies ‘कनिष्ठवाक्यम्’)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
अधिकरण (location/context)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति; एकवचन (pronoun; locative singular)
कुलेin the family / lineage
कुले:
अधिकरण (location: ‘in the family’)
TypeNoun
Rootकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; locative singular)
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (subject of relative clause)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (relative pronoun; masculine; nominative singular)
अपिeven / also
अपि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (concession: ‘even’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (concessive/inclusive particle)
भवेत्might be / would be
भवेत्:
क्रिया (verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलिङ्-लकार (विधिलिङ्); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद (optative; 3rd person singular; parasmaipada)
नnot
न:
निषेध (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation particle)
जातःborn
जातः:
विशेषण (qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootजात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √जन्)
Formभूतकृत् (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (past participle ‘born’; masculine nominative singular); ‘यः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
सःhe / that person
सः:
कर्ता (subject of main clause)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (demonstrative pronoun; masculine nominative singular)
अपिalso / even
अपि:
निपात (also/even)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (inclusive/concessive particle)
ईदृशम्such / of this kind
ईदृशम्:
कर्म (object: ‘such [a thing/word]’)
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; accusative singular); विशेषणम् (qualifies implied ‘वाक्यम्/कर्म’)
नnot
न:
निषेध (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation particle)
एवat all / indeed
एव:
अवधारण (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण-निपात (emphasis)
वदेत्should say / would say
वदेत्:
क्रिया (verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formलिङ्-लकार (विधिलिङ्); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद (optative; 3rd person singular; parasmaipada)
नnot
न:
निषेध (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation particle)
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
क्रिया (verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलिङ्-लकार (विधिलिङ्); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद (optative; 3rd person singular; parasmaipada)
Context

"Indrajith! Though you are calling yourself as the son of Ravana and pretending to be a friend, you are his foe. Even after hearing about the kind of destruction (of Ravana, his kingdom etc.) from Rama, out of delusion you are accepting (with Ravana)."

Characters & Entities
I
Indrajit
V
Vibhīṣaṇa
R
Rāvaṇa (implied by kinship context)

FAQs

It highlights restraint and propriety in speech: one should not speak out of fear or say what is unbecoming, especially in counsel and public moral judgment.

Indrajit rebukes Vibhīṣaṇa for counsel that Indrajit interprets as fearful and dishonorable to their clan, during the war deliberations in Laṅkā.

Indrajit claims ‘steadfastness’ and ‘clan-honor’ as virtues, though the verse also implicitly warns how pride can distort ethical discernment.

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